Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (FASS)

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Open Access
Conflict and Its Management
(http://www.sagepublications.com, 1995) James, A. Wall, Jr.
This article reviews the conflict literature, first examining the causes of conflict, its core process, and its effects. Subsequently, we probe into conflict escalation (and de-escalation), contexts, and conflict management. When examining this last topic, we note that conflict can be managed by the disputants themselves, by managers, or by other thirdparties. In conclusion we suggest directionsforfuture research and provide recommendations for practicing managers.
Open Access
Gender Equity in Commonwealth Higher Education:
(Kabale University, 2000) Kwesiga, Joy Constance
This paper is based on interim findings from a research project on gender equity in higher education in Uganda, Tanzania, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Nigeria. The project, funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) and the Carnegie Corporation of New York, and co-ordinated by the Centre for Higher Education Studies at the University of London Institute of Education, is investigating interventions for change in relation to access, curriculum transformation and staff development. It is also searching and analysing published and unpublished literature from low-income Commonwealth countries on gender equity. Themes are emerging in the research. These include the international policy drivers for gender equity, representation of women in senior academic and management posts; access as a redistributive measure, gender violence, organisational culture, micropolitics and the gendered division of labour in academia. There are concerns about the current distribution patterns of women in universities as students, academics and managers and the qualitative experiences of women in Commonwealth universities. The research project offers the opportunity to gain comparative insights across the Commonwealth. It aims to contribute to multilateral
Open Access
Review of Joy Kwesiga's Women's Access to Higher Education in Africa:
(kabale university, 2002) Boswell, Barbara
Joy Kwesiga has cast her net far in this sweeping exposition of the factors influencing women's access to higher education, and by implication, preceding phases of education, in sub-Saharan Africa generally and Uganda more specifically. Drawing on a range of data, including the findings of her own research conducted in Uganda, Kwesiga presents a detailed and comprehensive analysis of conditions women face in the region and how these impact on their educational access.
Open Access
On Student Access and Equity in a Reforming University:
(Kabale University, 2006) Kwesiga, Joy Constance
This paper examines issues of access and equity in the context of the far-ranging reforms that have been taking place at Makerere University and in the Ugandan higher education system generally since the early 1990s. The analysis attempts to map out the contours of student access over time, outlining the major fault lines in student diversities which include, among others, location, class and gender, as well as the state (university) response to these diversities in the context of market based reforms. We argue that key to the reform programme was a reduction in the state's financial commitment in higher education and the implementation of alternative financial strategies especially relating to the introduction of the private sponsorship programme in 1992. Private sponsorship greatly expanded the intake of fee-paying students, and the total number of students in higher education in Uganda has ex panded enormously. However, these apparent gains in terms of access to higher education have been offset by lack of necessary investment in facilities, with result ing problems of over-crowding, excessive teaching loads, large classes and falling standards. The analysis also interrogates the ways in which government/private dynamic plays out in the context of a highly fractured education system, dominated by urban-based schools, particularly located in the south of the country, and how the various affirmative actions measures have in a way, reproduced social and class privilege
Open Access
Cooperative Association as a Tool for Rural Development and Poverty Reduction in Rwanda: A Study of Abahuzamugambi ba Kawa in Maraba Sector
(International Research Journals, 2010) Adebayo, Sanni T.; Onuoha Helen Chinedum; Christopher S.P. Dabo; Pascal Harelimana
This study examined cooperative association as a tool for rural development and property reduction in Rwanda. Case study of cooperative Abahuzamugambi ba Kawa based in Maraba sector, Huye District in southern province . The sample population comprises the members, management, and Board of the Abahuzamuyambi ba kawa. The research questionnaire was used to gather data from members, management and the populace. The research questions focused on the principles of cooperative identity, participation and decision making, internal and external communications, organisational and leadership development, the relationship between the cooperative’s leadership, the initiatives of people to lift themselves out of poverty, the knowledge would support poor people own development. The findings of the study is on the rural cooperatives association and the need for education programming in the areas of cooperative member ownership and ways in which to increase participation in decision making.The cooperative associations have proven to be the best means to realise developmental goals, and poverty reduction working in a humble way at grassroot levels. Cooperatives association can participate directly in agriculture and industry thus creating employment and increasing productivity, which are the major causes of poverty.It is also deduced that, cooperatives associations help farmers to market firms products. The cooperative Abahuzamugambi ba Kawa was set up in Maraba sector to collect coffee from farmers and fructify it on behalf of members. This has contributed to the economic well-being of members as well as people within that area.This research only tried to articulate the cooperative association as a tool for rural development and poverty reduction in Rwanda. When all strategies have been tried, and we expecting fully result; cooperatives association as a tool to reduce poverty and improve rural development have to employ. So far, we have been getting good result from it.
Open Access
Contribution of Non-Governmental Organizations on Poverty Reduction in Kabale District: A Case study of Buhara Sub-County.
(International Research Journals, 2010) Adebayo, Sanni T.
This study is set out to investigate the contribution of non governmental organizations on poverty reduction in Kabale District: A case study of Buhara Sub-county. The sample population is both males and females of Buhara Sub-county in all the parishes. The researcher employed survey methods based on questionnaire method of data collection. The questionnaire was administered to beneficiaries and non -beneficiaries both males and females of Buhara Sub-county in all the parishes. Focus group discussions also employed, the researcher interview key informants like LCs youth representatives, women representatives, church leaders and extension workers in Buhara Sub-county. The research questions focused on what is the contribution of NGOs on poverty reduction in Buhara Sub-county; what are the major causes of poverty in Buhara Sub-county; what are the indicators of poverty in Buhara Sub County; what are the possible solutions to the identified causes of poverty?. The findings of the study are on the contribution of non governmental organizations on poverty reduction. The study established that the interventionists NGO’s are to perceive the communities in self- help development project to reduce the poverty. It is when this notion is firmly rooted in them that they can use their interventions in form of technical, financial and material aids to stimulate the benefiting communities to participate actively in promotion of poverty reduction in the district. This study is try to assess the contribution of non governmental organization in poverty reduction in Buhara of Kabale.
Open Access
Meeting the psycho-social needs of people with disabilities in Uganda.
(International Research Journals, 2010) Adebayo, Sanni T.
The neglect of the handicapped children pushes them into risks in life. They find themselves dependent on the economically deprived adult who often has negative disposition towards them. The families of the handicapped children lack the basic needs to meet the yearnings of these children. The governments that ought to assist such families tend to give little support to the social development sector. The public, on its part oscillate between love and disaffection, and do not give sufficient attention to the problems of handicapped children. It is this situation that tends to constitute a paradox that this paper examines in relation to the psycho-social needs of handicapped children. The political economy of the environment of the handicapped children portrays a state of poverty and deprivation. This called for a joint effort of the public, and the government to rehabilitate handicapped children in the society. There is therefore the need for the formation of a more articulate social engineering to enhance the welfare of the handicapped children.
Open Access
Value Chain Analysis as a Catalyst in Gender Main Streaming
(Kabale University, 2016) Adebayo, Sanni T.
This article examines the value chain analysis as a catalyst in gender mainstreaming. Gender activities in the global world have revealed that, one sex has been marginalized by the other. From time immemorial, gender roles and activities differ, some base on physical ability and so on. This aimed at transforming mainstream policies by introducing a value chain analysis in a gender equality perspective. However, it has been largely used as an alibi for neutralizing the negative action in gender mainstreaming. The policy of gender mainstreaming incorporating gender sensitive aspects into external and internal policies and practices has been widely adopted throughout the international development community since the world conference on women in Beijing in 1995. Women are statistically the global majority; women cannot be treated as "a special case" but their needs and interests must be protected as integral part of any development policy as those of men. The paper gives an insight of the importance of a value chain analysis in gender mainstreaming.
Open Access
Girl-Child Empowerment and Socio-Economic Welfare in Urban Southwestern Uganda: A Case of Kanungu Town Council, Kanungu District
(Global Journals, 2018) Adebayo, Sanni T.
The study aimed at establishing the nature of socio-economic welfare of girl-child empowerment interventions in urban Kanungu District through a case of Kanungu Town Council. More specifically, it intended to identify the forms of girl-child empowerment in Kanungu Town Council from 2005 to 2015, to establish the extent to which girl-child empowerment has improved the socio-economic welfare in Kanungu Town Council from 2005 to 2015, to identify and explain the challenges faced by stakeholders in their efforts to empower the girl-child in Kanungu Town Council, and to generate strategies for enhanced girl-child empowerment in Kanungu Town Council. The study adopted a case study research design using a cross-sectional survey. The study population was composed of 15,138 people. Out of the sampled population, the sample size included 332 respondents. Census, systematic random sampling techniques were used to select respondents. Data collection methods included; interviews, questionnaire administration, and documentary review. Data was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively whereby quantitative data were entered in EPIDATA version 10 and then exported to excel for analysis. The study found out that forms of girl-child empowerment in Kanungu Town Council included; access to education, reproductive health services and income generating.
Open Access
Human Resource Capabilities, Financial Support and Enterprise Development in Nebbi District, West Nile Region Uganda
(International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology, 2018) Eton, Marus; Charles David Ebong; Fabian, Mwosi; Deus Mutesigensi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel
The study examined the role played by Human resource capabilities, financial availability in supporting enterprise development in Nebbi, west Nile region in Uganda. Purposive and simple random sampling was used and the selected sample of participants was 120. The study found out that Enterprise developers seem to understand the role of financial support and that lack of human resource capabilities encounter increased financial cost. Access to credit is still a challenge due to lack of understanding of SMEs by banks. The study recommended that government should support enterprise development by providing an environment which promotes business, provide access to credit, provide affordable interest rates, and provide subsidies to local enterprise developers. Universities should also develop skills that match employment needs.
Open Access
Child Poverty and Deprivation in Uganda
(Journal of Madras School of Socila Work, 2018) Adebayo, Sanni T.
The need and purpose of this paper is to examine Child Poverty and Deprivation in Uganda. Child poverty has been a concern of Majority of Researchers and Stake holders around the World, especially in Uganda. In Uganda, the situation analysis currently is nothing to write home about. There are challenges associated with Child Poverty and Deprivation such as basic health care; adequate nutrition, water and sanitation; nurturing and stimulation within caring, safe and clean Environment.
Open Access
Financial Literacy, Cash Management and Business Growth in Kampala City Council Authority, Uganda
(Economics, Commerce and Trade Management: An International Journal, 2018) Eton, Marus; Miria Nyangoma; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel; Barige Godfrey; Godfrey, Barige
The study sought to establish the relationship between financial literacy, cash management and business growth in Kampala city council authority. The study design used was descriptive and correlation in nature. The study revealed a moderately high level of financial literacy, a moderate level of cash management and a moderately high level of business growth among the businesses investigated. Financial literacy confirmed in adequate knowledge on how to expand and capitalize money in addition to warranting a portion of their regular income saved in assets. It was noted that most businesses grow out of paying their debtors promptly, using loaned capital efficiently and perhaps cash planning practices. In the long run, most businesses end up into bankruptcy associated to using borrowed funds for improving standards of living. It is a common practice in Uganda for one to emerge as a promising investor, live a posh life and registered in bankruptcy within less than a decade of his business career. The study recommended that the Private Sector Uganda, Uganda Manufacturers’ Association, Uganda Chamber of Commerce; and other trade organizations should include training business men and women around the country on sound financial management. There is need to further sensitize the public and business owners in particular on the risks associated with borrowed capital. Business owners should further avoid running for credit because it is cheap and available. Business owners should always align their borrowed capital with business objectives lest they divert funds intended for business growth into improving their standards of living by spending lavishly.
Open Access
Financial Inclusion and Women Empowerment in Uganda A Case of Lango Sub Region, Northern Uganda
(Economics, Commerce and Trade Management: An International Journal, 2018) Eton, Marus; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel; Charles Edaku; Dennis, Obote
Women empowerment has taken a center stage in the present development agenda. The study examines the role of financial inclusion in supporting women empowerment in Lango sub region, Northern Uganda. Using both purposive and simple random sampling a Sample of 126 respondents was selected with a response rate of 100% realized. The study found out that financial support appeared to be sparse, The regulations, supervision and monitoring of some of these firms was lacking, causing many women to lose their savings with such firms. The study therefore recommended that Government should establish buffers to serve as collateral security for women who intend to secure financial credit. Financial service providers should lower down the costs of operating accounts for the financial inclusiveness of women, particularly women from rural areas. Government should tighten monitoring, regulating and supervisory policies of financial service providers to restore public trust in financial institutions in Uganda. Financial services providers, government and other development partners should offer both formal and informal business education training.
Open Access
Challenges in the Implementation of Fiscal Decentralization and It’s Effects on the Health Sector in Uganda
(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology (IJRSA, 2018) George Stanley, Kinyata; Siraje, Kaaya
Abstract: This article was written to show how decentralized services such as health do not match with adequate financial resources for Local Governments to deliver health services effectively in Uganda. The study reviews various writers on fiscal decentralization Programmes and high lights the problems affecting Uganda’s Health sector service delivery. The Main issues of concern regarding Fiscal decentralization and social economic development are tax jurisdiction, expenditure responsibilities and resource allocation. The study was conducted to assess the impact of Fiscal decentralization process on social economic development in Uganda and it focused on challenges affecting health sector and why such policy has failed to reduce poverty and inequality of the people of Uganda. The Study was based on the resource dependency theory by Ram Mudambi (2010), which posits that power is based on control of resources that are considered strategic within the organization and is often expressed in terms of budget and resource allocation. The effects of citizens participation in planning and budgeting needs the access to resources which are in most cases controlled by the national governments. The article describes the structural and reforms in Uganda’s health Sector Services and it assess its performance. This article shows how participatory monitoring and evaluation is critical in financial accountability and how lack of multiplicity of financial resources still undermine planning and target setting in Uganda. The article discusses how abolition of graduated personal Tax left local governments with limited finances to deliver services. This reduced the autonomy of local governments and health care services in rural areas remain out of reach of the people and fiscal decentralization has not led to improved services. The article recommends the review of the fiscal decentralization Act to empower local governments in resource mobilization and in decision making regarding funds from the central government.
Open Access
Government interventions in supporting SME growth in Lira district, northern Uganda
(International Journal of Emerging Research & Development, 2018) Eton, Marus
Promoting economic growth without attendance to register business time, business education investment and non-gender based business growth is outrageous. The study sought to examine the role of Government interventions in supporting the growth of SME’s in Uganda a case of Lira District. Data were collected by use of the self-administered questionnaire in Erute counties and Lira Municipality. A sample of 167 respondents was chosen from the respondents and the response rate was 100%. Simple random sampling and stratified sampling was conducted. The study discovered that inadequacy of collateral security and struggle for financial resources come into view to limit the use and access to financial services. The finding indicates the correlations between entrepreneurship intervention and financial accessibility intervention (r = .628; p < .05) was relatively strong and statistically significant. The study recommended that Government should promote collateral security-free financial services to encourage entrepreneurs to access credit financing. The government organ charged with registration of business should promote online and decentralized registration. National budgets should prioritize investments in business education to promote business and entrepreneurship training. In addition, government and development partners should promote non-gender-based business growth to allow for participatory inclusiveness.
Open Access
Cash Budgeting and Organizational Performance of Private Firms in Uganda: A Case of Kabale District, Western Uganda
(International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, 2018) Eton, Marus; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel
Cash budgeting should ensure that organizational expenditures match planned cash flows. The study sought to examine the role of Cash budgeting in improving organizational performance of private business firms in Uganda. The study adopted a correlation, descriptive and analytical design, with both quantitative and qualitative approaches being used. Data was collected by use of questionnaires which was self administered. A sample of 115 was chosen, the findings indicated the correlation between cashing budgeting and organizational performance (r = .638) which showed a strong association between the two variables. In addition (Adjusted R Square = .402) indicated that cash budget in the institutions investigated influences about 40.2% of the entire organizational performance. The findings also indicate that cash budgeting stabilizes profitability levels, ensures that organizational expenditures are kept in line with planned cash flows, which also enhances the capacity to predict the likelihood of excess cash. The study recommended that business organizations should focus on profitability levels more than struggling to meet their financial obligations. Performing organizations should establish sound liquidity management practices and should endeavor to employ strategic plans in realizing organizational objectives.
Open Access
Challenges and Marketing Strategies for Young African Universities
(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology (IJRSA), 2018) George Stanley, Kinyata; Siraje, Kaaya
The article shows the challenges young Universities meet, particularly African Universities and also how they change their tactics to win these battles and to survive and flourish in the changing world. The Challenges shown in this article which many Universities have faced over the past four decades have resulted in important transformations in the scope of their mission, governance and relations with wider national, regional and global economics and societies. This article spells out these challenges, threats and strategies to continuously improve their programs, teaching, and provision of learning facilities and to find the right way to the Black Box of the consumer (students and other stakeholders). The article puts more emphases on marketing strategies of African Universities in their journey to excel generation and dissemination of relevant knowledge and skills development for lifelong learning and community service. The article shows how the education industry is facing lots of challenges and how marketing is the way that helps to reduce the costs of Education, increases the number of high achieving students and help Universities to boost their position in the Market, helps to elevate the brand and reputation. Lastly the article talks about the growth, the impact and importance of University rankings which is a key contemporary issue in strategic management of higher education. Rankings are highly based on research outcomes though there are more institutions worldwide which are not considered in these ranking criteria because they are more teaching oriented and concentrate on Arts and Social Sciences. Rankings are used either as performance Indicators or as tools for choosing places of study. These rankings should take into consideration of the establishment period of Universities. The article advises young Universities how to think globally to find the right way to global competition.
Open Access
Internal control systems and financial accountability in Uganda: A case of selected districts in western Uganda
(International Journal of Commerce and Management Research, 2018) Eton, Marus; Caroline Murezi; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel
The study sought to examine the role of Internal Control system in supporting financial accountability in Uganda. The study found out that the relationship between internal control systems and financial accountability in local governments appeared to be weak, and the actual contribution of internal control systems in the financial operations of the district is negligible. The study however, revealed that internal control system is inadequate in accounting for the staffing gaps in local governments and the untimely release of financial reports. Staff in the local governments investigated, particularly those handling finance related matters had low training in financial accountability. Underpinning this truth is the fact that government grants are not allocated in accordance with grants procedures and later funds diversion. It was revealed for example, that withholding tax deductions are unaccounted for. These deductions are made by the finance department, yet the records indicating their remittance to Uganda Revenue Authority are lacking. The study therefore recommends that Political leaders and other interest groups should stay away from dictating on how public funds should be used. Instead of rigidly interfering with the actual implementation of local government programs, they should execute their constitutionally defined role of supervising and monitoring government programs for the benefit of the masses. There should be urgent recruitment of staff in local governments to bridge the staffing gap and staff should be trained on the current finance management systems to speed up financial reporting system and timely release of financial reports. The Local government staff who did not remit the withholding tax and misused it, should be made to refund the misused funds or be disciplined immediately.
Open Access
Government interventions in supporting SME growth in Lira district, northern Uganda
(International Journal of Emerging Research & Development, 2018) Eton, Marus; Charles David Ebong; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel
Promoting economic growth without attendance to register business time, business education investment and non-gender based business growth is outrageous. The study sought to examine the role of Government interventions in supporting the growth of SME’s in Uganda a case of Lira District. Data were collected by use of the self-administered questionnaire in Erute counties and Lira Municipality. A sample of 167 respondents was chosen from the respondents and the response rate was 100%. Simple random sampling and stratified sampling was conducted. The study discovered that inadequacy of collateral security and struggle for financial resources come into view to limit the use and access to financial services. The finding indicates the correlations between entrepreneurship intervention and financial accessibility intervention (r = .628; p < .05) was relatively strong and statistically significant. The study recommended that Government should promote collateral security-free financial services to encourage entrepreneurs to access credit financing. The government organ charged with registration of business should promote online and decentralized registration. National budgets should prioritize investments in business education to promote business and entrepreneurship training. In addition, government and development partners should promote non-gender-based business growth to allow for participatory inclusiveness.
Open Access
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN UGANDAN HIGHER EDUCATION
(Kabale University, 2019) Adebayo, Sanni T.; ; John Michael, Edoru
This article focuses on the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) as a strategy for delivering effective management of educational services in a cross-section of institutions of higher learning. Makerere University in Uganda is taken as a case study where ICT was introduced with the main aim of improving effectiveness in the delivery of educational services. ICT has become a tool of great importance in today’s business in all spheres of life globally. From commerce to aeronautics, medicine and education, the daily use of ICT is vital to the success of business. In the area of higher education management, ICT use is of central significance since universities of the contemporary world cannot afford to ignore the role that ICT plays in the running of their institutions as a business. As a matter of necessity, universities are therefore required to embrace ICT adoption in teaching/learning and administrative activities. This study discusses the concept of ICT, perceptions of stakeholders in the effectiveness of ICT adoption, educational services management and ICT, as well as strategies for effective ICT use in educational services management.