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This will include all research articles published by all scholars of Kabale University in diverse disciplines.
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Item Open Access Conflict and Its Management(http://www.sagepublications.com, 1995) James, A. Wall, Jr.This article reviews the conflict literature, first examining the causes of conflict, its core process, and its effects. Subsequently, we probe into conflict escalation (and de-escalation), contexts, and conflict management. When examining this last topic, we note that conflict can be managed by the disputants themselves, by managers, or by other thirdparties. In conclusion we suggest directionsforfuture research and provide recommendations for practicing managers.Item Open Access Gender Equity in Commonwealth Higher Education:(Kabale University, 2000) Kwesiga, Joy ConstanceThis paper is based on interim findings from a research project on gender equity in higher education in Uganda, Tanzania, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Nigeria. The project, funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) and the Carnegie Corporation of New York, and co-ordinated by the Centre for Higher Education Studies at the University of London Institute of Education, is investigating interventions for change in relation to access, curriculum transformation and staff development. It is also searching and analysing published and unpublished literature from low-income Commonwealth countries on gender equity. Themes are emerging in the research. These include the international policy drivers for gender equity, representation of women in senior academic and management posts; access as a redistributive measure, gender violence, organisational culture, micropolitics and the gendered division of labour in academia. There are concerns about the current distribution patterns of women in universities as students, academics and managers and the qualitative experiences of women in Commonwealth universities. The research project offers the opportunity to gain comparative insights across the Commonwealth. It aims to contribute to multilateralItem Open Access 00R - The Library Association RECORD 2000- Index(kabale university, 2000) Bazirake, Bernard BamuhiigaThis item contains the Library Association Record index 2000Item Open Access Review of Joy Kwesiga's Women's Access to Higher Education in Africa:(kabale university, 2002) Boswell, BarbaraJoy Kwesiga has cast her net far in this sweeping exposition of the factors influencing women's access to higher education, and by implication, preceding phases of education, in sub-Saharan Africa generally and Uganda more specifically. Drawing on a range of data, including the findings of her own research conducted in Uganda, Kwesiga presents a detailed and comprehensive analysis of conditions women face in the region and how these impact on their educational access.Item Open Access On Student Access and Equity in a Reforming University:(Kabale University, 2006) Kwesiga, Joy ConstanceThis paper examines issues of access and equity in the context of the far-ranging reforms that have been taking place at Makerere University and in the Ugandan higher education system generally since the early 1990s. The analysis attempts to map out the contours of student access over time, outlining the major fault lines in student diversities which include, among others, location, class and gender, as well as the state (university) response to these diversities in the context of market based reforms. We argue that key to the reform programme was a reduction in the state's financial commitment in higher education and the implementation of alternative financial strategies especially relating to the introduction of the private sponsorship programme in 1992. Private sponsorship greatly expanded the intake of fee-paying students, and the total number of students in higher education in Uganda has ex panded enormously. However, these apparent gains in terms of access to higher education have been offset by lack of necessary investment in facilities, with result ing problems of over-crowding, excessive teaching loads, large classes and falling standards. The analysis also interrogates the ways in which government/private dynamic plays out in the context of a highly fractured education system, dominated by urban-based schools, particularly located in the south of the country, and how the various affirmative actions measures have in a way, reproduced social and class privilegeItem Open Access Cooperative Association as a Tool for Rural Development and Poverty Reduction in Rwanda: A Study of Abahuzamugambi ba Kawa in Maraba Sector(International Research Journals, 2010) Adebayo, Sanni T.; Onuoha Helen Chinedum; Christopher S.P. Dabo; Pascal HarelimanaThis study examined cooperative association as a tool for rural development and property reduction in Rwanda. Case study of cooperative Abahuzamugambi ba Kawa based in Maraba sector, Huye District in southern province . The sample population comprises the members, management, and Board of the Abahuzamuyambi ba kawa. The research questionnaire was used to gather data from members, management and the populace. The research questions focused on the principles of cooperative identity, participation and decision making, internal and external communications, organisational and leadership development, the relationship between the cooperative’s leadership, the initiatives of people to lift themselves out of poverty, the knowledge would support poor people own development. The findings of the study is on the rural cooperatives association and the need for education programming in the areas of cooperative member ownership and ways in which to increase participation in decision making.The cooperative associations have proven to be the best means to realise developmental goals, and poverty reduction working in a humble way at grassroot levels. Cooperatives association can participate directly in agriculture and industry thus creating employment and increasing productivity, which are the major causes of poverty.It is also deduced that, cooperatives associations help farmers to market firms products. The cooperative Abahuzamugambi ba Kawa was set up in Maraba sector to collect coffee from farmers and fructify it on behalf of members. This has contributed to the economic well-being of members as well as people within that area.This research only tried to articulate the cooperative association as a tool for rural development and poverty reduction in Rwanda. When all strategies have been tried, and we expecting fully result; cooperatives association as a tool to reduce poverty and improve rural development have to employ. So far, we have been getting good result from it.Item Open Access Contribution of Non-Governmental Organizations on Poverty Reduction in Kabale District: A Case study of Buhara Sub-County.(International Research Journals, 2010) Adebayo, Sanni T.This study is set out to investigate the contribution of non governmental organizations on poverty reduction in Kabale District: A case study of Buhara Sub-county. The sample population is both males and females of Buhara Sub-county in all the parishes. The researcher employed survey methods based on questionnaire method of data collection. The questionnaire was administered to beneficiaries and non -beneficiaries both males and females of Buhara Sub-county in all the parishes. Focus group discussions also employed, the researcher interview key informants like LCs youth representatives, women representatives, church leaders and extension workers in Buhara Sub-county. The research questions focused on what is the contribution of NGOs on poverty reduction in Buhara Sub-county; what are the major causes of poverty in Buhara Sub-county; what are the indicators of poverty in Buhara Sub County; what are the possible solutions to the identified causes of poverty?. The findings of the study are on the contribution of non governmental organizations on poverty reduction. The study established that the interventionists NGO’s are to perceive the communities in self- help development project to reduce the poverty. It is when this notion is firmly rooted in them that they can use their interventions in form of technical, financial and material aids to stimulate the benefiting communities to participate actively in promotion of poverty reduction in the district. This study is try to assess the contribution of non governmental organization in poverty reduction in Buhara of Kabale.Item Open Access Meeting the psycho-social needs of people with disabilities in Uganda.(International Research Journals, 2010) Adebayo, Sanni T.The neglect of the handicapped children pushes them into risks in life. They find themselves dependent on the economically deprived adult who often has negative disposition towards them. The families of the handicapped children lack the basic needs to meet the yearnings of these children. The governments that ought to assist such families tend to give little support to the social development sector. The public, on its part oscillate between love and disaffection, and do not give sufficient attention to the problems of handicapped children. It is this situation that tends to constitute a paradox that this paper examines in relation to the psycho-social needs of handicapped children. The political economy of the environment of the handicapped children portrays a state of poverty and deprivation. This called for a joint effort of the public, and the government to rehabilitate handicapped children in the society. There is therefore the need for the formation of a more articulate social engineering to enhance the welfare of the handicapped children.Item Open Access Critical Analysis of the Production of Western Knowledge and Its Implications for Indigenous Knowledge and Decolonization(Journal of Black Studies, 2012) Francis Akena, AdyangaThere has been a persistent contest among contemporary scholars over what is considered legitimate knowledge. This contest has implications on ways of knowing, organizing society, and responding to environmental challenges. The Western education system is a hybrid of different knowledge, adopted through European global expansion, to enrich our learning in formal educational settings. This article examines the production of Western knowledge and its validation, imposition, and effects on indigenous people and their knowledge. The author argues that there is a relationship between knowledge producers and their motives with the society in which they live. This relationship influences what is considered “legitimate knowledge” in society, politics, and economy in non-Western contexts.Item Open Access Analysis of Library and Information Science/Studies (LIS) Education Today: The Inclusion of Indigenous Knowledge and Multicultural Issues in LIS Curriculum(Kabale University, 2013) G. Kabatangare, TumuhairweThe paper analyses the inclusion indigenous knowledge and multicultural issues in library and information science/studies (LIS) curricula. Using literature review the paper presents the scenario in both developed and developing countries. In North America and Europe, recognition of diversity as valuable to professionalism and necessary for generating culturally competent librarians and library staff is evident. On the contrary, LIS schools and LIS institutions and educators in developing countries of Africa have almost no record on the inclusion of indigenous knowledge and multiculturalism in LIS education. Challenges to the effective inclusion of indigenous knowledge and multiculturalism to LIS education programs in developing countries exist, and are largely perception and attitude, inadequacy in skills, and inadequacy in funding. There is a need to revise and improve the curricula for library schools, especially in the developing countries of Africa, towards the inclusion of indigenous knowledge and multicultural issues.Item Open Access Gorilla Tourism in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda: An Actor-Network Perspective(Society & Natural Resources An International Journal, 2014) René, van der Duim; Christine, Ampumuzahis article performs actor-network theory (ANT) to examine the development of gorilla tourism at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. We depict a number of translations in which gorillas were designated and enrolled as coexisting with local livelihood practices, as ‘‘trophies’’ in the hunting network, ‘‘man’s closest neighbor’’ in the scientific network, ‘‘endangered species’’ in the conservation network, and finally, through habituation processes, became part of the tourism network. These five versions of the ‘‘gorilla’’ network show how gorillas are shaped in and by the relations in which they reside. By examining Bwindi in terms of ANT’s notions of ordering, materiality, and multiplicity, we not only show how gorilla tourism has gained permanence and popularity, but also draw attention to new ways of thinking about actors and agency in tourism, conservation, and developmentItem Open Access Performance of Household Water Treatment Methods for Microbial Removal under Household Conditions in Kabale District, Uganda(Omega Publishers, 2016) Alex, Saturday; George Lukoye Makokha; Anthony MachariaDespite the Ugandan government efforts to improve access to safe water sources, the rate at which diseases spread as a result of unsafe drinking water is absolutely high. The purpose the study was to assess the performance of household water treatment methods (HWT) and evaluate their ability to improve the microbial quality of drinking water under household conditions in Kabale District. We randomly selected 205 households, where we collected treated and untreated water samples. We analyzed 46 paired samples (untreated and treated) of drinking water from 46 households that reported treated water available. Samples were analyzed for total coliforms and Escherichia coli, the major indicators of biological contamination of drinking water, to measure effectiveness of treatment under household conditions. All reported HWT did not significantly improve the microbial quality of drinking water. Mean log10 total coliforms removal were 0.7 log10 (40.1%) for boiling method, 0.2 log10 (23.7%) for biosand filtration method, -0.01log10 (-18.1%) for let it stand and settle method and 0.1 log10 (16%) for application of aqua safe tablets. In addition, mean log10 Escherichia coli removal were 0.7 log10 (-22.6) for boiling method, 0.3log10 (37.5%) for biosand filtration method, -0.4 log10 (-200%) for let it stand and settle method and 0.6 log10 (50%) for application of aqua safe. The microbiological quality of stored treated drinking water was significantly low. The government should sensitize the local people on safe storage of drinking water.Item Open Access Household Water Treatment Technologies for Microbial Removal in Kabale District, Southwestern Uganda(OMMEGA Publishers, 2016) Alex, Saturday; George Lukoye Makokha; Anthony MachariaHealth problems associated with the consumption of untreated drinking water is one of the greatest concerns in Kabale District in spite of government’s efforts to provide safe drinking water to the people. The objective of the study was to examine household water treatment technologies (HWTS) and evaluate their ability to improve the microbial quality of drinking water. We analyzed 20 paired samples (source and treated) of drinking water from four sources of drinking water in close proximity to homesteads. Samples were analyzed for total coliforms and Escherichia coli, the indicators of faecal contamination, to measure effectiveness of HWTS. The parameters were determined using membrane filtration method. Laboratory data was statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA from SPSS software version 17.0. All HWTS improved the microbial quality of drinking water under laboratory conditions. Mean log10 total coliforms reductions were 2 log10 (99.5%) for boiling, 0.9 log10 (84.8%) for biosand filtration, 1.9 log10 (99.5%) for application of Water Guard tablets and 2 log10 (98.1%) for application of aqua safe tablets. The mean log10 Escherichia coli reductions were 1.2 log10 (100%) for boiling, bio sand filtration, application of Water Guard tablets and application of aqua safe tablets. The microbial removal effectiveness of HWTS was significantly high and the differences in the mean total coliforms reductions by different HWTS were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Water Guard, bio sand filtration, boiling and aqua safe tablets significantly remove total coliforms and Escherichia coli and should therefore is promoted at local level.Item Open Access Value Chain Analysis as a Catalyst in Gender Main Streaming(Kabale University, 2016) Adebayo, Sanni T.This article examines the value chain analysis as a catalyst in gender mainstreaming. Gender activities in the global world have revealed that, one sex has been marginalized by the other. From time immemorial, gender roles and activities differ, some base on physical ability and so on. This aimed at transforming mainstream policies by introducing a value chain analysis in a gender equality perspective. However, it has been largely used as an alibi for neutralizing the negative action in gender mainstreaming. The policy of gender mainstreaming incorporating gender sensitive aspects into external and internal policies and practices has been widely adopted throughout the international development community since the world conference on women in Beijing in 1995. Women are statistically the global majority; women cannot be treated as "a special case" but their needs and interests must be protected as integral part of any development policy as those of men. The paper gives an insight of the importance of a value chain analysis in gender mainstreaming.Item Open Access Effects of Seasonal Variations in Physical Parameters on Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda(Scientific Research Publishing, 2016) Hannington, Ngabirano; Denis, Byamugisha; Emmanuel, NtambiThe effect of seasonal variations in physical parameters on quality of gravity flow water was investigated in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. The seasonal variations in the physical parameters (pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, colour, total dissolved solids (TDS), and total suspended solids (TSS)) were determined during wet and dry seasons. Composite samples from gravity flow water sources were collected monthly from March to August, 2014 and then analyzed. Temperature was measured using thermometer; pH, EC and TDS were determined using a multimeter, turbidity, colour and total suspended solids were determined by spectrophotometric method. TDS, pH and temperature were the most contributing parameters to water quality variations in both seasons. The mean pH values varied between 3.78 - 4.84 from March to August, 2014 at all study sites. These pH values were consistently below the WHO permissible range of 6.5 - 8.5. Similarly, total suspended solids varied between 0.66 - 2.17 mg∙L−1 and were well above the recommended WHO limit of zero mg∙L−1 at all study sites. Turbidity mean values varied between 0.83 - 3.7 NTU and were outside the recommended limits of 3 NTU at Kigata (3.7 NTU) only. Temperatures (20.3˚C - 21.15˚C) for all the study sites were within the recommended limit of 20˚C - 30˚C in water for domestic purposes. The mean values of physical parameters for the wet season were: temperature (21.12˚C), colour (12.5 PtCoU), turbidity (3.4 NTU), TDS (76.76 mg∙L−1), TSS (2.13 mg∙L−1), pH (4.19) and EC (152.7 μS∙cm−1) were different from those of the dry season (temperature (20.99˚C), colour (0.93 PtCoU), turbidity (0.53 NTU), TDS (77.33 mg∙L−1), TSS (0.67 mg∙L−1), pH (4.86) and EC (158.65 μS∙cm−1). Basing on these findings above, it was evident to justify discouraging the use of gravity flow water at these study sites for domestic purposes without proper treatment.Item Open Access Identification of Soil and Water Conservation Technologies Used on Different Landscape Positions in Maziba Sub-catchment(Kabale University, 2016) Ndemere, Julius; Mary makokha; Tenywa MosesAbstract. Soil and water resources are important for sustaining life on earth since they are the main components of sub-catchments. Despite the technologies that have been introduced in Maziba sub-catchment, farmers have variations in technology acceptance due to over cultivation of land, population pressure, and deforestation that accelerate soil erosion. The objective of the study was to characterize soil and water conservation technologies used at different landscape positions by farmers in Maziba sub-catchment. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze soil and water conservation technologies practiced in the study area. Probability sampling technique was used to select research respondents, who were selected to obtain predominantly used soil and water conservation technologies data, using semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the data collected was done using special packages for social scientists (SPSS 17.0) statistical software and Microsoft Excel 2007. The study revealed that terracing (35%), mulching (21%) and trenching (13%) were the predominant soil and water conservation technologies reported. The study recommended formal education for non-educated farmers since the level of education influenced the use of soil and water conservation technologies in the study areaItem Open Access A Secure Application for Information Sharing i n Organizations: A Case Study of Kabale District Local Government(Global Society of Scientific Research and Researchers, 2016) Ivan, Niyonzima; Godfrey, Omoda OnyaitInformation shared is exposed to threats of confidentiality, integrity and availability needed for decision making in org anizations. A case study was carried out at Kabale District local Government where interviews and questionnaires were administered to purposively selected elements of the study. The findings revealed that the information shared within the organization is e xposed to potential threats that can put the organization’s information at a risk of being accessed by unauthorized users. The following factors for securing information were identified and used in the development of a secure application for information sh aring in organizations. These factors include; denying unauthorized staff and other individuals from gaining access to personal data, passwords to be treated as private to the individual, secure disposal of information, paper files to store in secure locat ions and only accessed by those who need to use them. In this application, the information is encoded using crypto graphical methods that cannot be easily intercepted, such that only the intended recipient is able to receive it in its original format for d ecoding. This makes information shared secure. The application was tested and validated by a range of stakeholders and it was found secure. For the future work, a survey will be carried out in a range of organizations in order to develop an improved applic ation for information sharing.Item Open Access Animal-Plant Interaction:(Exclusive Journal Publishing House, 2017) Ndizihiwe, Daniel R.; Achille, E Assogbadjo; Sylvestre, C. A. M. Djagoun; Barthélémy KASSAThe study was based on 107 studies and data concerning disperser species, plant species and family, fruit type and size, seed size plant life form and the habitat, were presented in matrix form. Data from this matrix were used in determining the disperser species diversity considering large taxonomic groups (mammals, birds and reptiles) and selection pattern based on the fruit and seed size. The diversity of mammals was high followed by birds and then reptiles with 65%, 30% and 5% respectively. Mammal taxonomic group dominated and was sub divided into primates, ungulates, carnivores, rodents and bat sub-groups which accounted for 45%, 22%, 17%, 9% and 7% respectively confirming the dominance of primates. Simple correspondence analysis showed that ungulates dispersed very small fruits while carnivores, primates, bats and reptiles were categorized together for both small and medium sized fruits. Ungulates, birds and bats dispersed the smallest seeds while others dispersed both small and large sized seeds. The study revealed high diversity of mammals particularly primates therefore playing a huge role in structuring and restructuring terrestrial ecosystems, with a warning that the loss of ungulates may have catastrophic impacts on the structure and composition of small fruited and seeded plants.Item Open Access Temporal and Spatial Seasonal Variations in Quality of Gravity Flow Water in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda(Scientific Research Publishing, 2017) Hannington, Ngabirano; Denis, Byamugisha; Emmanuel, NtambiThe study was designed to investigate temporal and spatial seasonal variations in quality properties of gravity flow water samples collected from Kigata, Kacuro, Kihanga, Kitibya and Kanjobe located in Kyanamira Sub-County, Kabale District, Uganda. Physical, chemical and biological parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, turbidity, colour and total suspended solids, total hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, fluoride, nitrates-N, nitrites-N, ammonium-N, sulphates, total phosphate, sodium, calcium, magnesium and some heavy metals were analyzed. Total iron, lead, chromium, copper, zinc, manganese and cadmium were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Two of the basic biological parameters for drinking water such as faecal coliforms and salmonella were analyzed by incubation followed by counting colony forming units (CFUs). Statistical presentations of data including cluster analysis, dendrograms and principal component analysis were used with the assistance of PAST software. Temperature, pH, TDS dissolved oxygen, cations, anions (chemical parameters) and salmonella, faecal coliforms were the major contributing parameters to gravity flow water’s quality variations during both seasons. Values of pH ranged between 3.78 and 4.84 from March to August in all study sites and they were consistently below the WHO permissible pH range of 6.5 - 8.5. Total suspended solids ranged between 0.66 and 2.17 mg·L−1 and were above the recommended WHO limit of zero value in all study sites. Salmonella and faecal coliforms colonies were present in scaring numbers in the wet season. In March, salmonella counts at Kacuro (14 CFU) and Kanjobe (128 CFU) while faecal coliforms counts at Kacuro (515 CFU) and Kanjobe (228 CFU). The findings of this study call for special attention when using gravity flow water.Item Open Access Contribution of secondary school geography assessment strategies in mitigating climate change in Uganda(International Journal of Education and Research, 2017) Alex, Ronald Mwangu; Kagoda Alice Merab; Mugimu, Christopher ByalusaagoClimate change is one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. The changing climate affects all aspects of human livelihoods. Effects of climate change are most felt in developing countries due to low awareness and lack of access to information on climate change. Climate change is a major concern to education policy makers and curriculum developers. Education has a role to play in building individual and social capacities for adapting and mitigating climate change. The purpose of education in Uganda is to eradicate illiteracy and to equip the individual with basic skills and knowledge to exploit the environment for self-development as well as national development, for better health, nutrition and family life, and the capability for continued learning. To mitigate climate change, all elements of the education system namely; objectives, content, teaching methods and assessment strategies must lend themselves to building capacities of the learners. This study reveals that the assessment strategies used by geography teachers largely contribute to acquisition of knowledge and hardly develop skills and values/attitudes for mitigating climate change among learners.