Faculty of Engineering, Technology, Applied Design & FineArt (FETADFA)
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Item Restricted A Comprehensive Study About the Contribution of Human Activities to The Pollution of River Rwabakazi Through its Tributaries Around Kabale Town.(Kabale University, 2024) Tumwesigire, WarrenWater is the most crucial factor in shaping the land and regulating the climate. It is an important component of living beings as it performs unique and indispensable activities on earth, ecosystems, biosphere, and biochemical cycles. The freshwater ecosystems of the world comprise only about 0.5% of the earth’s surface and have a volume of 2.84x105 Km3. Rivers constitute an insignificant amount (0.1%) of the land surface. Only 0.01% of the waters of the earth occur in river channels. In spite of these low quantities, running waters are of enormous significance (Wetzel, 2001). River Rwabakazi is a crucial natural resource in Kabale Town, Uganda. It supports diverse ecosystems, provides water for domestic use, agriculture, and industry, and sustains local biodiversity. The river's health is directly linked to the well-being of the communities that depend on it for their livelihoods. Ensuring the sustainability of this water resource is vital for maintaining ecological balance and supporting socio-economic development in the region. The main purpose of this research was to comprehensively study about the contribution of human activities to the pollution of River Rwabakazi through its tributaries around Kabale Town.Item Restricted A Gate Design at Nyabikoni Campus Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2020) Gumisiriza, BensonKabale university faculty of engineering is an institution of higher learning education which prepares and enables its students to carry out projects in different groups. This is done purposely to give knowledge to students about what is done in practical. Therefore, in compliance with the above mentioned above, my project was based on the gate design at Faculty of Engineering, Kabale University.Item Open Access A Gate Design Project.(Kabale University, 2020) Mugume, CharlesKabale university faculty of engineering is an institution of higher learning education which prepares and enables the students to carry out projects in different groups. this is done purposely to give knowledge to students about what is done in practical. Therefore, in compliance with the above mentioned above, my project was based on the gate design at faculty of engineering, Kabale university.Item Restricted A Physiographic Analysis of Kabale Municipality for Urban Development.(Kabale University, 2024) Owomugisha, DeusThis study conducted a physiographic analysis of Kabale Municipality, Uganda, using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The municipality's rapid urbanization and population growth have led to uncoordinated land use, inadequate infrastructure, and environmental degradation. This research aims to provide a scientific basis for urban development planning and decision-making by analyzing the physical environment and its impact on development. Using remote sensing data and GIS mapping, this study will identify and analyze the physiographic factors influencing urban development patterns, including topography, hydrology, soil, and land use/land cover changes. The results will inform sustainable urban development strategies and provide a framework for environmental management in Kabale Municipality. This research contributes to the understanding of the physical environment's role in urban development and provides a replicable approach for similar municipalities in Uganda and beyond.Item Restricted A Physiographic Analysis of Kabale Municipality for Urban Development: A Case Study of Kabale Municipality.(Kabale University, 2024) Owomugisha, DeusThis study performed a physiographic analysis of Kabale Municipality, Uganda, utilizing remote sensing and GIS techniques. The rapid urban growth and population increase in the municipality have resulted in disorganized land use, insufficient infrastructure, and environmental degradation. The goal of this research is to provide a scientific foundation for urban development planning and decision-making by examining the physical environment and its influence on development. Through remote sensing data and GIS mapping, the study will identify and analyze key physiographic factors affecting urban development, such as topography, hydrology, soil conditions, and changes in land use/land cover. The findings will guide sustainable urban development strategies and offer a framework for environmental management in Kabale Municipality. This research enhances understanding of how the physical environment impacts urban development and offers a model for similar municipalities in Uganda and elsewhere.Item Open Access A Project Report on the Work Carried out on the Medical Clinic At Nyabikoni Campus Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2020) Kemigisha, GloriaThe information contained in this report is based on the work l physically did as a project, my personal research using the many available resources and interactions l had with different experts on our faculty of engineering and technology. My field of study was to design a medical clinic which encompassed the different activities involved in designing a faculty medical clinic right from inception to completion of my project period. I was basically involved in fixing mounting boards, ply word, applying Novico wood glue among others. However, this did not limit me to my project, l was also involved in developing drawing a with auto card 2017 and arch card 2019. Generally, the project was a big success because of the broad information and practical knowledge received.Item Open Access Adoption of Biogas Technology to Ordinary Pit Latrines in Uganda.(2022) Kibet BensonThe highest population of Ugandans live in rural areas. This segment of population is mainly dependent on use of biomass consisting of firewood, charcoal, straw, crop residues to meet its energy demand for cooking and other domestic needs. The aim of this project is to provide detailed analysis of how to generate biogas energy from ordinary pit latrine. To achieve this, the existing pit latrines were first studied, and then different biogas technologies were also studied. An appropriate technology was then selected and the design equations covering the volume of the digester, inlet and outlet chambers were developed considering the shape of the digester. The final layout ofbiogas pit latrine was developed. This study was motivated due to inefficient exploitation ofbiogas from ordinary pit latrines. The developed layout ofbiogas pit latrine has been found to be appropriate for biogas production using human waste as substrate. Proper sealing of the gas storage facility is emphasized to avoid leakage and occasional maintenance is highly encouraged.Item Embargo Adoption of Biogas Technology to Ordinary Pit Latrines in Uganda.(Kabale University, 2022) Kibet, BensonThe highest population of Ugandans live in rural areas. This segment of population is mainly dependent on use of biomass consisting of firewood, charcoal, straw, crop residues to meet its energy demand for cooking and other domestic needs. The aim of this project is to provide detailed analysis of how to generate biogas energy from ordinary pit latrine. To achieve this, the existing pit latrines were first studied, and then different biogas technologies were also studied. An appropriate technology was then selected and the design equations covering the volume of the digester, inlet and outlet chambers were developed considering the shape of the digester. The final layout of biogas pit latrine was developed. This study was motivated due to inefficient exploitation of biogas from ordinary pit latrines. The developed layout ofbiogas pit latrine has been found to be appropriate for biogas production using human waste as substrate. Proper sealing of the gas storage facility is emphasized to avoid leakage and occasional maintenance is highly encouraged.Item Restricted Analysing the Impact of Agency Banking Adoption on the Profitability of Small and Medium-Size Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabale Municipality.(Kabale University, 2024) Kisekya, FrancisThis study sought to analyze the impact of agency banking adoption on the profitability of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Kabale Municipality. The specific objectives were to assess the level of agency banking adoption among SMEs, examine how SMEs have integrated agency banking into their financial operations, and analyze the impact of agency banking on the accessibility and availability of financial services for SMEs. The study aimed to provide insights into how agency banking influences the financial landscape for SMEs, focusing on its role in enhancing access to financial services and its potential effect on profitability.Item Restricted Analysis of Power Outages in Kabale Town: A Case Study of 33 KV Mbarara North-Kabale West Feeder.(Kabale University, 2024) Atibuni, YofatThis project examined the 33kV Mbarara North-Kabale feeder, a vital power supply line for Kabale Town, to address the persistent power outages affecting the region. The primary objectives were to evaluate the existing feeder infrastructure, analyze outage data, and propose solutions to minimize these disruptions. Spanning 145 km, the feeder traverses challenging environmental and geographical terrain, contributing to infrastructure stress and reliability concerns. The study included a comprehensive analysis of the feeder's infrastructure and load characteristics. A load flow assessment highlighted issues such as voltage fluctuations, significant power losses, and points of failure stemming from aged or insufficient equipment. Outage data revealed technical challenges, including surge arrestor failures, broken jumpers, damaged poles, and improper fuse ratings. Faulty surge arrestors were unable to clear faults, and over-sagging conductors posed risks of low-voltage and high-voltage contact. Environmental factors further exacerbated these problems, with tree cutting in Kyobugombe and Ndija, forested areas in Maziba, deteriorating poles in Katinda, and frequent lightning in Rubaya causing line faults and prolonged outages. To mitigate these issues, the study proposed several technical and operational interventions. These included upgrading surge protection devices, replacing degraded infrastructure, enhancing tree trimming and vegetation control, and ensuring the availability of correctly rated fuses in the Ugandan market. Additional recommendations involved improving the functionality of Automatic Voltage Regulators (AVRs) and Ground Voltage Regulators (GVRs) to stabilize voltage along the feeder.Item Restricted Analysis of Power Quality Issues in Induction Motors.(Kabale University, 2021) Nazziwa, EvalyneThis project is about the analysis of power quality issues in induction motor machines that was carried out at Kigezi highland tea factory. Power quality problems have been a major concern particularly in this factory, where there are many large-scale type of motor equipment. Thus, it was useful to investigate and mitigate the power quality problems. Assessment of Power quality required the identification of any anomalous behavior on a power system, which adversely affects the normal operation of electrical motors. A power quality assessment involved gathering data resources; analyzing the data (with reference to power quality standards); then, if problems exist, a suitable recommendation or mitigation techniques was considered. Economic cost of Power Quality problems is huge particularly in this factory. The cost includes production loss, damage to expensive equipment, salary cost, restart cost. The suggested solution to the problem is depicted in the methodology where measurement of voltage, current and frequency values that helped to determine the suitable solution. Measuring instruments such as digital panel multimeter, voltmeter were used to carry out the measurements. The results are used to determine the variations in voltage, current and frequency changes. Big frequency changes and higher currents and voltages bring about shut down of the machines which stop production in the factory. Over voltage and current also causes the stress of insulation to electrical equipment and causes damage. Power quality problems i.e. the high voltages, high currents, frequency deviations have been my major concern and their impact on the industry equipment i.e. motors in particular. There were other disturbances that occurred during the survey i.e. voltage sag or voltage swell, under-voltage, temporary outage, and harmonics. Mitigation techniques were suggested to install passive harmonic filter to mitigate harmonic distortion, install a dynamic voltage restorer(DVR) to mitigate voltage disturbances and isolate all the sensitive and critical loads of kigezi highland factory feed them via uninterruptible power supplies (UPS). The research project ends with the conclusion and recommendation of the effective/economic mitigation techniques and the need for further studies.Item Restricted Assessing the Concentration of Agrochemicals in Water Sources in Mbarara District: A Case Study: River Rwizi Mbarara.(Kabale University, 2024) Mujurizi, BarnabasThis study investigated the impact of agrochemicals on water quality in Mbarara District, focusing on the River Rwizi. The research aims to assess agrochemical concentrations and their implications for environmental and public health. Key objectives include characterizing agrochemical levels, analyzing physiochemical parameters of water quality, and evaluating compliance with environmental regulations. Data collection involved sampling at strategic points along the River Rwizi, with laboratory analysis of fertilizer concentrations. Physiochemical tests measured pH, turbidity, Color, and Conductivity to assess overall water quality. Findings indicate significant agrochemical contamination exceeding regulatory limits, particularly at locations influenced by intensive agricultural practices. High fertilizer concentrations pose risks to aquatic ecosystems and public health, highlighting environmental degradation concerns. Physiochemical analysis reveals altered water parameters indicative of agricultural runoff impacts. Conclusions underscore the urgent need for strengthened regulatory frameworks, enhanced monitoring, and adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Recommendations include stricter enforcement of environmental standards, promotion of integrated pest management, community education on agrochemical impacts, and improved water quality monitoring systems.Item Restricted Assessing the Durability Behaviour of Cement Stabilized Soil Bricks in Kabale Municipality.(Kabale University, 2024) Muzahura, RonaldThe construction industry in Uganda and across Africa is undergoing a significant transformation as stakeholders seek sustainable and cost-effective building materials. Traditional fired bricks, while widely used, pose environmental challenges due to deforestation and high energy consumption during production. In response, cement-stabilized soil bricks (CSSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative, combining local materials with cement to enhance durability and structural integrity. This research project focuses on assessing the durability behavior of CSSBs specifically in Kabale Municipality, a region characterized by unique climatic and soil conditions. The results for the compressive strength of CSSBs clearly indicate that increasing cement content enhances the compressive strength of CSSBs. The substantial jump in strength from 10% to 20% cement content highlights the critical role of cement in providing structural integrity. The findings align with the UNBS standards, which specify a minimum compressive strength of 3.5 MPa for CSSBs, confirming that bricks with 10% cement and above meet and exceed this requirement. The results for water absorption show a reduction in water absorption with increasing cement content is a critical finding, as lower water absorption rates correlate with enhanced durability and resistance to moisture-related degradation. The UNBS standard allows a maximum water absorption of 15% for CSSBs, and all tested samples with cement content of 10% or more fell well below this limit. The unstabilized bricks (0% cement) demonstrated significantly lower compressive strength and no water absorption capacity, highlighting the necessity of cement stabilization for enhancing the performance of soil bricks. In conclusion, the results suggest that a cement content of 10% to 20% provides an effective balance between compressive strength and water absorption, making these percentages suitable for producing durable CSSBs in the local context.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Accelerators and Retarders on the Early-Age Compressive Strength of Concrete.(Kabale University, 2024) Gumoshabe, EdgarAccelerating admixtures affect the rates of reactions between cement and water to give an overall increase in the hydration rate. Retarding admixtures on the other hand slow down the hydration rate. Thus, the use of accelerators in concrete provides a shortening of setting time and/or an increase in early strength development and retarders increase the setting time and reduce early strength development. In this project, the issues of slow down and uncontrolled rapid setting and hardening of concrete or addressed by the use of accelerating and retarding admixtures (Calcium Chloride and Citric Acid respectively) in concrete. Calcium chloride and citric acid were added in four samples, with quantities of 1%, 1.5 %, 2%, and 2.5% by weight of cement, which were taken as mix -1 and mix -2. The concrete samples were tested 1, 3, 7, and 28 days of Compressive strength. The concrete specimens were laid for M25 grade of concrete.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Air Blast Loading on the Structural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Column.(Kabale University, 2024) Kasyage, AbubakaliThis project investigated the effect of air blast loading on the structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns, essential components in various infrastructures. With increasing concerns over safety from explosive threats, understanding how RC columns respond to dynamic loading is crucial for enhancing structural resilience. The study utilized advanced finite element analysis and the CONWEP method to generate pressure-time histories for different explosive scenarios, which were then applied to RC column models in Abaqus. The research focused on evaluating key parameters such as peak pressure, impulse duration, and the columns' resulting deformation and failure modes. Findings indicate that increased charge weights and reduced stand-off distances significantly elevate the risk of shear and flexural failures. The study underscores the importance of incorporating nonlinear material behavior in simulations to accurately predict structural responses. Ultimately, this research aims to provide insights and design recommendations for improving the blast resistance of RC columns, contributing to safer urban environments against potential explosive threats.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Cassava Peel Flour as an Admixture on the Properties of Concrete.(Kabale University, 2024) Opiyo, Junior RonneyThis research investigated the effect of Cassava Peel Flour (CPF) as an admixture on the properties of concrete. A chemical analysis was conducted on CPF, along with tests on the properties of coarse and fine aggregates. Concrete mix designs were prepared following the American Concrete Institute (ACI) method. Initial and final setting time tests were performed by incorporating CPF in varying proportions (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6%) by weight of cement. The results revealed that the addition of CPF delayed the setting time of the cement paste. As the CPF dosage increased, both the initial and final setting times were extended, with the highest delay at 6% CPF, showing an initial setting time of 150 minutes and a final setting time of 435 minutes, compared to 55 and 245 minutes, respectively, at 0% CPF. This demonstrates that CPF is an effective retarder. A consistency test was conducted using the same CPF dosages, resulting in consistencies ranging from 27.4% at 0% CPF to 63.1% at 6% CPF. The slump test for a design slump of 7.5 cm showed that slump values decreased slightly with increased CPF dosage immediately after mixing but increased 30 minutes after mixing, indicating CPF’s impact on workability over time. Compressive strength tests were conducted on cubes (150x150x150 mm) at 7, 14, and 28 days. At 7 days, compressive strength decreased with increasing CPF dosage, from 15.2 MPa at 0% CPF to 10.3 MPa at 6% CPF. However, at 14 and 28 days, compressive strength increased with CPF addition up to 2%, after which further CPF dosage resulted in a decrease in strength. This suggests that while small amounts of CPF can enhance compressive strength over time, excessive amounts may weaken the concrete.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Different Particle Sizes of Coarse Aggregates on Concrete Properties.(Kabale University, 2024) Ahabwe, ReinhardConcrete's compressive strength represents the hardened concrete's capacity to resist compressive loads without cracking or deforming. Duff Abrams found that concrete strength largely depends on the water-to-cement ratio. However, other factors, such as cement strength class and fineness, concrete age, curing duration, admixtures, and aggregate properties (including size, shape, texture, and strength), also significantly impact compressive strength. This study investigated how varying particle sizes of coarse aggregate affect concrete properties. Results showed that compressive strength at 28 days increased as the size of coarse aggregates decreased, with strengths recorded at 25, 23.3, 21.5, and 19.7 MPa for 10, 14, 20, and 28 mm aggregate sizes, respectively. This trend is attributed to denser packing and stronger bonding among smaller particles. Additionally, workability was found to increase with larger aggregate sizes, with slumps measured at 76, 81, 87, and 98 mm for 10, 14, 20, and 28 mm aggregates, respectively, due to larger aggregates having a lower surface-to-volume ratio, which reduces contact between aggregate particles and the cement paste.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Groundnut Shell Ash-Lime Stabilization of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Road Construction.(Kabale University, 2024) Tumusiime, InnocentPavement rehabilitation and reconstruction generate large quantities of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycling into new asphalt paving mixtures is the predominant application. RAP acceptance in road bases and subbases has been limited, because of the lack of laboratory and field performance data while large quantities of groundnut shell ash (GSA) are generated from the combustion of groundnut shell and also disposed in large quantities on production sites and production of Lime not only imposes financial burdens but also contributes to environmental degradation and carbon emissions. This paper presents the results of the laboratory evaluation of the characteristics of GSA-Lime stabilized RAP with a view of determining its suitability for use as highway pavement material in flexible pavement construction. An X-ray fluorescence test was conducted on GSA to determine the chemical composition. Preliminary tests (Natural moisture content, Particle size distribution, and Atterberg limit) and engineering tests (compaction and California bearing ratio (CBR)) were conducted on the RAP samples in their natural state. (GSA +Lime) was then added to the RAP at 5, 10, 15 and 20% proportions. Atterberg limits, compaction, and CBR tests were conducted for each addition of (GSA +Lime). The RAP - (GSA +Lime) mixtures were subjected to British Standard (BS Heavy) compaction effort to determine the compaction characteristics and California bearing ratio (CBR). Test results show that the properties of RAP improved with GSA-Lime treatment. RAP was classified as A-1-a using the AASHTO classification system and the general rating as sub-grade in accordance with AASHTO (1986) is excellent too good. The values of Maximum dry density (MDD) increased from 1.894 and 2.016 g/cm3 at 5% and 10% (GSA +Lime) treatment respectively and decreased furthermore with an increase in the percentage of (GSA +Lime) while the optimum moisture content (OMC) increased with increase in (GSA +Lime) content in the RAP - (GSA +Lime) mixes. The test results show that there was a decrease in the liquid limit ranging from 34.5% to 31.2% at 0% and 20% (GSA +Lime). The CBR values increased at 5% and 10% (GSA +Lime) treatment from 2.6% at 0% to 20% and 49% respectively at 95% degree of compaction and from 2.8% at 0% to 22% and 65% respectively at 98% degree of compaction and values of CBR reduced with further increase in the percentage of (GSA +Lime). Optimum stabilization was obtained at 10% (GSA +Lime) where CBR values of 49% and 65% at 95% and 98% degrees of compaction respectively. This optimum mix (GSA +Lime) is suitable for use in the construction of the G45 Subbase layer and G60 Base course layer in road construction according to Uganda MoWH&C (2005). This research provides the results of the evaluation of (GSA +Lime) stabilized RAP as highway construction material, as it is based on CBR determination. Further studies can be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of lime like quicklime.Item Open Access Assessing the Effect of Hand Crushed, Machine Crushed and River Coarse Aggregates on Concrete Properties.(Kabale University, 2024) Agaba, DerickThis research delved into the comparative analysis of concrete production by utilizing three distinct types of coarse aggregates: machine-crushed, hand-crushed, and river-sourced. The research aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties, durability, and structural integrity of concrete when each type of aggregate is employed. By conducting a series of standardized tests, including compressive strength, tensile strength, and slump tests, the study sought to ascertain the influence of aggregate type on the concrete's performance. Furthermore, the environmental impact of sourcing and processing these materials is considered, providing a comprehensive overview of the sustainability aspect of concrete production. The findings of this research could have significant implications for the construction industry, potentially leading to more cost-effective and environmentally friendly practices. The study's methodology, results, and conclusions will contribute valuable insights into the optimization of concrete mix designs for various construction applications.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates in Concrete with Iron Ore Tailings in Kigezi Sub-Region.(Kabale University, 2024) Musasizi, AllanThis study aimed to assess the strength properties of concrete produced using IOT as partial replacement of the natural sand as fine aggregates. IOT is a waste product of iron ore mineral that is abundantly available in some regions and has the potential to be used as a sustainable alternative to traditional fine aggregates. In this research, the mixture, C15, was designed with 10%,25%, and 50% of IOT, natural fine aggregates and natural coarse aggregates. Properties considered included: workability, unit weight and compressive strength. Test results indicated that in all cases, IOT concrete gave high compressive strength than the conventional concrete. In conclusion, this study suggests that IOT can be used as a viable alternative to partially replace traditional fine aggregates in the production of concrete with acceptable strength properties for structural applications in pavement and floor slabs. Further research should however be carried out to investigate the durability and performance of IOT-based concrete.