Faculty of Engineering, Technology, Applied Design & FineArt (FETADFA)
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Item Open Access Investigating the Effect of Seasonal Variation on Road Traffic Accident Occurance Along Selected Routes in Western Uganda.(Kabale University, 2024) Kwesiga, IvanThe study examined the seasonal variations in Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) along Kabale Katuna, Kabale-Kisoro and Kabale Mbarara highway, western region, Uganda from 2018 to 2022 and explored the relationship between RTAs and seasonal changes and the effect of seasonal changes and road traffic accident on accident causalities on the routes. Secondary data on RTAs and mean monthly rainfall were collected for the period covered by the study from the Uganda Traffic Police Force and the Uganda National Meteorological Authority, Kabale Meteorological Station. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and simple statistical techniques of frequencies and percentages were used for the data analysis. Correlation models were also used to explain variations in RTAs and to assess the degree to which the variations in RTAs were associated with the monthly rainfall. The study found out that there were 109 minor, 178 serious and 42 fatal accidents in the dry season and 121minor, 152 serious and 47 fatal accidents in wet season for the study period of 2018-2022 The study also revealed an increase of 0.77% of total traffic accidents during the Dry season. The number of RTAs and road injuries during the study period increased by 2.47% (n=133 to 149) and 4.12% respectively while death due to RTAs increased by 4.65% (n=23 to 29) from 2018 to 2022 and further revealed an increase of 0.77% of traffic accidents during the Dry season for the study period. Weak negative correlation (-0.049, -0.18 and -0.275) for the Wet season in 2021,2022 and (-0.275) for dry season of 2019 respectively, correlation between rainfall and accidents along the route during the study period is generally negative in wet season and positive in dry season. These indicate that weather is also a factor contributing to the recorded RTAs in the study area. However, the month of December and January had a highest number of registered road accidents which was associated with the higher volume of road traffic as people tend to travel more. It was concluded that there is no positive relationship between rainfall and Road traffic Accident but rather rainfall has a slight static significant on Accident Causalities due to weather changes and reduction of sight distance.Item Restricted Performance of Sisal Fabre as Natural Geotextile to Reinforce Soil Layers on Unpaved Road.(Kabale University, 2024) Kyomugasho, LilianNatural geotextiles are strong synthetic fabric usually used in civil engineering construction projects such as high way that stabilizes loose soil. Geotextiles may be used to improve; the embankment stability against bearing capacity failure, stability against slope failure through the foundation, allow a more controlled construction over very soft or difficult foundation soils. And sisal fibre is the one of the most widely used natural fibre and is very easily cultivated. The soil sample was obtained from Nyamkana road in Ntungamo district and the laboratory tests were carried out at Mbarara Regional laboratory. The tests carried out included; field density compaction, maximum dry density and California bearing ratio. The main objective was to investigate the performance of sisal fibre as a natural geotextile to reinforce the soil layers on unpaved roads so that we solve the problem of developing potholes, rutting, corrugation, weak subgrade resulting into mud formation, poor drainage system, non-uniform narrow width, stoniness, and environmental pollution from dust during dry seasons, rapid gravel loss, and these all together have increased regular maintenance costs. The study was limited to some soil tests on subgrade materials, to achieve the objectives, the study undertook the following methodology, particle size distribution, atterberg’s limit, maximum dry density test and testing CBR in the laboratory. The findings relating to these laboratory tests include: The liquid limit was 38%, plastic limit was 21%, plasticity index 17%, MDD was increased from 1.829 to 1.849Mg/M3 and CBR values using 60,30 and 10 blows increased from 3.7% to 9.2%,6.9%, 5.2%after the application of sisal fibre after the second, third and fourth layers of the soil compared to the CBR values without sisal and particle size was obtained and the clay soil was classified as silty or clayey grave sand and soil sample fall under group classification of A-2-6. Finally, it was observed that placing sisal fibre after the second layer gives the highest CBR value and MDD values. Based on the results the expansive soil reinforced with sisal fibre at the second layer can be used in unpaved road layers since it gave an increase in CBR from 3.7% to 19.2% since it meets the requirement as per the Uganda ministry of works, Housing and communication, 2005 and the general specification for roads and Bridges. Further research should be conducted to assess the long-term performance of sisal fibres and its performance under different weather conditionsItem Restricted Investigating the Efficiency of Coffee Husks in Bio-Retention Model for Storm Water Treatment.(Kabale University, 2024) Musasizi, JosephA bio-retention is the storm water Best Management Practices (BMP) designed to capture and treat the runoff using the natural properties of soil and plants to remove contaminants. Storm water from rooftops, paved areas, bare soil and sloped lawns transports eroded soil, animal wastes, litter, salts, pesticides, fertilizers, oil and grease and other potential pollutants which flows directly into the streams and rivers. This spoils the stream water quality and thereby causing a decline in aquatic biota. However, the selection of appropriate media structure and optimized design have not been adequately researched. Additionally, the applicability of bio-retention systems has not been introduced and implemented in Uganda. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the efficiency of bio-retention system in the removal of storm water pollutants using coffee husks. The physical bioretention model of four Columns: J, M, N and P of 102 mm diameter and 1050mm height was developed. The layers of filter media arranged as described in table 3.2 in chapter 3. The coffee husks were introduced into columns M, N and P in varying depth leaving J as control experiment (traditional sand filter bed). Materials used in the media structure were analyzed to meet the standards according to the bioretention design manual. The quality parameters of raw stormwater composite sample were determined before passing through the model and after passing through the model at different intervals i.e., at 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days after introducing the coffee husks into the model. The parameters tested were Temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Coliforms (TC), Faecal Coliforms (FC) or E. coli (EC), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Oil & Grease (OG), Chlorides, Sulphates, Phosphorous, Turbidity and Colour. The results of the study showed that the bioretention column P drastically improved storm water quality at 30 days by reducing values of Faecal Coliforms, Total Suspended Solids, Total Coliforms, Biological Oxygen Demand and Nitrates as compared to the tested raw storm water composite sample except Colour.Item Restricted Investigating the Suitability of Partial Replacement of Basalt with Scoria as a Base Course Material for a Flexible Pavement.(Kabale University, 2024) Wambei, AllanThis study aims at evaluating the applicability of Scoria gravel as an alternative base course material in flexible pavements through blending with Basalt by modifying the physical and mechanical engineering properties of scoria. They are two types of scoria in Uganda with probably different properties that is black and red Scoria. In this case, Red scoria was used. This scoria was obtained from Kisoro district at the slopes of mt. Muhabura while basalt was obtained from Ntungamo district in Karegyeya. The material was taken to Mukono where it was tested from. Non-Probabilistic sampling techniques and experimental methods were used. To achieve the objectives of the study, the laboratory tests were passed in three steps. First, the Engineering properties of materials were independently tested; the results proved the marginality of red scoria gravel yet basalt showed suitable physical and mechanical properties. Second, scoria gravel was mechanically and physically stabilized in percentages by weight increments of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The fundamental tests required for the base course CRR class are plasticity index, particle size distribution, flakiness index, linear shrinkage and ten percent fines value according to the general specifications for roads and bridges of Uganda. According to the general specifications for roads and bridges works, (Ministry of Works, Housing and Communicatins, 2005), the minimum requirements for plasticity index, particle size distribution, flakiness index, linear shrinkage and ten percent fines value are non-plastic, within the specified upper and lower limits, below 35% (<35%), below 3% (<3%) and above 110 kN with a ratio of soaked to dry being greater than 75% respectively. Basalt, scoria and their corresponding percentages satisfied the requirements for plasticity index, linear shrinkage and flakiness index. 5%Scoria-95% Basalt and 10% Scoria-90% Basalt satisfied all the requirements for the base course as per the general specification of roads and bridge works. 15% scoria-85% basalt and 20% scoria-80% basalt did not meet the requirements for ten percent fines value but satisfied all the other requirements for the base course. The remaining percentages failed to meet the requirements for both particle size distribution and ten percent fines value test but passed all the other tests. The optimum percentage blend was obtained as 10% scoria-90% basalt. Finally, based on this study it was recommended to use scoria gravel as an alternative base course construction material.Item Restricted Investigating the Performance of Epoxy Concentrations in the Self-Healing of Concrete.(Kabale University, 2024) Manzi, Evans EvalistConcrete, a fundamental construction material, is susceptible to various forms of damage (cracking). Formation of cracks may result due to the shrinkage effects during curing and mechanical loading which deteriorate the concrete performance especially in terms of durability aspect. Traditional methods of repair often involve human intervention and significant costs. In recent years, the concept of self-healing concrete has gained traction as a potential solution to mitigate the impact of cracks and enhance the longevity of structures. Self-healing concrete by using bacteria as a healing agent had gained interest among researchers. In contrast, this research delves into the intricate relationship between epoxy concentrations and the self-healing capabilities of concrete, aiming to provide comprehensive insights into optimal concentrations and their implications for construction. The experiment involved varying epoxy concentrations, ranging from 0% to 15%, in concrete mixes. Critical parameters, such as slump, compressive strength at 28 days, and microscopic structure after crack induction, were meticulously analyzed. The objective was to understand how epoxy, known for its adhesive and cohesive properties, influences the mechanical properties and self-healing potential of concrete. The experimental setup aimed to simulate real-world scenarios where concrete structures may be exposed to external stresses leading to cracks. The results revealed a consistent decrease in slump as epoxy concentrations increased, indicating a reduction in concrete work-ability. Notably, the compressive strength at 28 days exhibited a fascinating trend. At 5% epoxy, there was a modest increase in strength, while the optimal concentration of 10% demonstrated a significant enhancement. However, concentrations beyond the optimum (15% epoxy) led to a decline in compressive strength. The experiment's pivotal phase involved crack induction to assess self-healing capabilities. At 10% epoxy concentration, the compressive strength increased after crack induction. Microscopic analysis further corroborated these findings, revealing signs of self-healing within the concrete matrix. This enhancement suggested a unique healing mechanism associated with the optimal epoxy concentration.Item Restricted Assessing the Effect of Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates in Concrete with Iron Ore Tailings in Kigezi Sub-Region.(Kabale University, 2024) Musasizi, AllanThis study aimed to assess the strength properties of concrete produced using IOT as partial replacement of the natural sand as fine aggregates. IOT is a waste product of iron ore mineral that is abundantly available in some regions and has the potential to be used as a sustainable alternative to traditional fine aggregates. In this research, the mixture, C15, was designed with 10%,25%, and 50% of IOT, natural fine aggregates and natural coarse aggregates. Properties considered included: workability, unit weight and compressive strength. Test results indicated that in all cases, IOT concrete gave high compressive strength than the conventional concrete. In conclusion, this study suggests that IOT can be used as a viable alternative to partially replace traditional fine aggregates in the production of concrete with acceptable strength properties for structural applications in pavement and floor slabs. Further research should however be carried out to investigate the durability and performance of IOT-based concrete.Item Restricted Impact of Municipal Solid Waste Leachate on Surface Water Quality: A Case Study on Kabuturumba Stream.(Kabale University, 2024) Rubarema, PaulThe purpose of this proposal is to investigate and study the impacts of solid waste leachate on surface water quality. A case study on Kabuturumba stream in Mbarara city. There has been an increasing contamination of surface water sources due to poor methods of waste disposal around Mbarara city and Uganda at large. This study was carried out in different seasons of the year where by samples were collected in dry season and wet season. Different pollution hotspots where also considered in the upstream before joining the stream to clearly understand their potential impacts these points included Coca cola outlet, pearl diary discharge stream and Lubiri stream joining Kabuturumba stream from Kisenyi via Makenke barracks. Different physiochemical and biological parameters were tested in the laboratory. like pH/EC, turbidity, BOD, TDS TSS, heavy metal, bacteriological parameters such the presence of Total coliforms fecal coliforms and E. coli. Different parameters such as COD and BOD levels were found to be extremely high than the environmental standards but later on the hypofiltration or the cleansing capacity of the wetland around the stream helped on reducing them down the stream and almost reached the environmental standards, nutrient levels such as phosphates and Nitrates were also above the recommended values, bacteriological status was extremely higher and later on reduced downstream. The results indicate a level of surface water pollution and toxicities of these pollutants and their threat to human health. The seasonal effects were manifested in that the levels of pollutants increased in wet seasons as compared to dry seasons, this could have been caused by increased surface runoff during wet seasons. The study also indicates that some parameters and pollutants were affected by distance from the dumpsite while others were not.Item Restricted Assessing the Impact of Sustainable Construction Practices on Project Performance.(Kabale University, 2024) Niwahereza, BlairThe purpose of this research was to assess the impact of sustainable construction practices on project performance. Questionnaire surveys were conducted across stakeholders that included site engineers, consultants and contractors. The research categorized the proposed strategies to the implementation of sustainable construction practices using relative importance index (RII) as a basis of analysis. The most commonly used sustainable construction practices were identified as; use of local materials, use of bio-degradable materials, use of recycled materials, prefabrication and water conservation measures. Out of the 56 respondents, 16.1% were familiar with prefabrication, 14.3% were familiar with the use of bio-degradable materials, 28.6% were familiar with the use of water conservation measures, and 8.9% were familiar with the use of recycled materials and 32.1% constituted to those who were familiar with the use of local materials. The relationship between sustainable construction practices and project performance was critically determined using regression analysis and project performance was basically based on time, cost and quality. The general response from both parties were analyzed, high scored mitigation measures were discussed; awareness and education should be implemented, innovation and technology adoption; industry collaboration and partnerships, certification and standards, performance monitoring and reporting, and providing incentives were identified as the most effective strategies in implementing sustainable construction practices on construction projects. Awareness and education was ranked first with RII of 0.875, innovation and technology adoption was ranked second with RII of 0.857, industry collaboration and partnerships was ranked third with RII of 0.811, certification and standards was ranked fourth with RII of 0.807, performance monitoring and reporting was then ranked last with RII of 0.725.Item Restricted Establishing Empirical Relationship Between Project Scheduling and Project Success in the Uganda Construction Industry.(Kabale University, 2024) Mukisa, JohnMany building construction projects in the Uganda construction industry experience project failures in the sense of not being finished within the scheduled time frame, approved budget, and not meeting the quality standards as per the initial plan. The purpose of this study was to establish empirical relationship between project scheduling and project success in the Uganda construction industry. Questionnaires were administered to eighty four targeted respondents. Seventy three respondents were able to return them giving their opinions on the project scheduling practices commonly used in Uganda, their impact level and effectiveness in achieving project success. The data gathered were analyzed using statistical techniques with relative importance index and regression analysis as the bases of analysis. The study identified the project scheduling practices that are commonly used as Gantt chart (RII = 0.992), CPM (RII = 0.940), Resource Levelling (RII = 0.860), PDM (RII = 0.759), and PERT (RII = 0.622), while Agile scheduling methods (RII = 0.614), and line of balance method (RII = 0.296) are least used. This showed that Gantt chart, CPM, resource leveling, PDM, and PERT are the most suitable and widely used. The impact level of the practices was determined as Gantt chart (RII = 0.973), CPM (RII = 0.964), Resource levelling (RII = 0.901), PDM (RII = 0.792), PERT (RII = 0.658), Agile scheduling methods (RII = 0.627) and line of balance method (RII = 0.332). This indicated that Gantt chart, CPM and resource levelling had a very high impact level on building projects, being followed by PDM and PERT. The regression analysis determined that Gantt chart, CPM, and resource levelling were the most significant scheduling practices thus being the most effective in achieving project success. The study recommended that further research should be conducted to investigate the role of technological advancements and emerging trends in project scheduling, such as lean construction, Agile scheduling, and Building Information Modelling (BIM).Item Restricted Design and Construction of Underground Cable Fault Location and Notification System.(Kabale University, 2021) Mugisha, SimonThe overhead lines are mostly used when compared to underground cables though in towns and cities, underground cables are preferred. The underground cables are largely used in urban areas instead of overhead lines. This is because they have minimized transmission losses, can lead to death of human beings and destruction of property like buildings. This comes as a result of tall buildings being near the conductors. In determining the location of a fault point in the underground cable, the AC power in the cables is first switched off because they cannot carry both AC power and DC power at once and the standard concept of Ohms law is applied that is, when a low DC voltage is applied at the feeder end through a series resistors representing the cable lines, then current would vary depending upon the location of the fault point in the cable. In case there is a short circuit (Line to Ground), the voltage across series resistors changes depending on the fault location. This voltage is then fed to an Analogue to Digital Converter (ADC) to develop precise digital signal and the Arduino nano communicates the LCD screen to display the status of the underground cables by showing the fault location (distance) in kilometers with its respective phase.Item Open Access Design and Construction of Underground Cable Fault Location and Notification System.(Kabale University, 2021) Mugisha, SimonItem Open Access Longino, Friday (2020).The Design of a Medical Clinic at Kabale University, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Applied Design and Fine Art. Kabale: Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2020) Longino, FridayThis project helped us relate the theoretical work and the practical. The project was carried out at faculty of Engineering at it was aimed at designing a faculty medical clinic.Item Restricted Paving Walkway Towards the Newly Constructed Toilet.(Kabale University, 2020) Ainebyona, GodwinThis project helped us to relate the theoretical work and the practical work. The project was carried out at the faculty of Engineering. It was aimed at paving the walkway towards the newly toilet.Item Open Access Design and Implementation of an Automated Prepaid Water Meter: Case Study of National Water and Sewerage Corporation (NWSC).(Kabale University, 2022) Akankwasa, John BoscoThe water billing systems currently available in the Ugandan market still incurs costs of reconnection in case of a disconnection, when a client clears the arrears. For example, if a client does not pay in time, a utility officer moves to the point where the water meter is located and disconnects the client to stop having access to water. The same applies to reconnection when a customer clears. This research seeks to solve inconveniences by automating the system. If a customer uses up their credit, then water flow should be stopped instantly. Likewise, if a customer pays the bills, they should access the water instantly. In this way, costs involved in disconnection and reconnection are minimised.Item Open Access Design of a Modern Car Parking at the Faculty of Engineering, Technology Aplied Design and Fine Art.(Kabale University, 2020) Byamukama, SamuelThe ever-increasing use of the faculty green land as a parking lot for vehicles called for our group to research and designs a modern car ark. The investigated the most feasible solution of keeping in lace equal ratio of green land to buildings in the existence. To achieve this, we designed a ground plan, model using arch cad and hand molded a prototype using mounting boards, novice glue, to show what we exactly designed using the software. Chapter one about introduction explains the basis of the faculty, back ground of the project, problem statement, specific objective, main objectives . Chapter two explains the basis of our research, study and source of the knowledge of our design. Chapter three gives an overview of the employed methods that helped us to come find feasible solution to the problem statement. It includes bench marking, data collection, and design among the many Lastly chapter four explains the future works, conclusions and recommendations.Item Open Access Investigating the Suitability of Cement Stabilized Murram Soil as Mortar for Construction.(Kabale University, 2021) Siende, IsaacMasonry mortar is a homogenous mixture comprising of fine aggregates, binding material and water. The increase in the cost and demand of sand for construction is becoming a problem and making the construction more expensive in some parts of the country. Therefore, the replacement of sand-based mortars with soil-based mortars will be economical in the construction. This research addresses on an experimental study to understand the suitability of cement stabilized murram soil of G3 as mortar for construction. Critical properties of mortar have been studied i.e., Workability and Plasticity, Flexural and Compressive Strength, the Bond strength, the Initial and Final setting time of the mortars. The mortar with 0%, 15%, 20%, 25%,50%, 60%, and 75% replacement of sand in murram soil and without varying the percentage of cement was conducted. Their compressive and flexural strength obtained. The compressive strength at the age of 28 days lied within the range of 9.73MPa to 16.42MPa which is acceptable as per the IS code specification, the minimum strength requirement of mortar to be 3 MPa. The initial and final setting time lied in the range of 120 minutes and 150 minutes and the final setting time lied in the range of 270 minutes and 300 minutes for cement and murram mortars respectively. The recommended range of mortar to be used for construction is 30 minutes minimum and 600 minutes maximum for initial and final setting time respectively. The workability of the murram mortar was 82% and the plasticity index of the murram soil was 25%, which lied within the recommended range. The conclusions of the investigation of murram soil shows that the use of cement stabilized murram mortar can be applied in construction as far as the investigated parameters are concerned.Item Restricted Design of a Multi 2-Storied Hostel for Kabale University Student.(Kabale University, 2020) Twesigye, CharlesStructural design is the primary aspect of civil engineering. The very basis of construction of any building, residential house or dams, bridges, culverts, canals etc. is designing. The foremost basic in structural engineering is the design of simple basic components and members of a building viz., Slabs, Beams, Columns and Footings. For their design, an architectural design is prepared using the Auto CAD. In order to design them, it is important to first obtain the plan of the particular building that is, positioning of the particular rooms such that they serve their respective purpose and also suiting to the requirement and comfort of the inhabitants. Thereby depending on the suitability; plan layout of beams and the position of columns are fixed. Thereafter, the vertical loads are calculated namely the dead load and live load from IS: 875. In this project, the design of G+2 floors Hostel building is done according to the Indian standards. IS456 is to be used for the reinforcement design. IS 875 is to be used for the estimation of all the loads on the structure viz. Dead Load, Live Load, and Wind Load. Once the loads are obtained, the slabs are designed. Designing of slabs depends upon whether it is one-way or a two-way slab, the end conditions and the loading. The analysis and designing of beams & columns are done by the “STAAD PRO” software tool. The footings are designed manually, after completion of designing the detailed estimation has to be carried out. This documentation is about the design of a twostoried hostel at KabaleUniversity. The ideas of this design were obtained from review of architectural textbooks, journals and building review reports. It also containshow our group intends and will carry out the design process of the hostel. The writing contains three chapters whereby; Chapter one is the introduction of the proposal that states the contents of the background of the university, how the problem was identified and why the project of hostel design was chosen ahead of others. Chapter two contains the literature review, works and related information by other scholars about design of structures.Item Restricted Design of a Cell Phone Detector.(Kabale University, 2021) Atuheire, GiftIn this project I have designed a cell phone detector circuit using same components such as resistors, capacitors, wires ,transistors , two ICs i.e. CA3130 op-amp & NE555 mono stable vibrator ,one LED and one piezo buzzer and de source of 12 volt. This designed cell phone detector can sense the presence of an active cell phone within its vicinity. It does this by detecting the signal produced by the cellphone and this causes the LED to blink and buzzer to sound. A BFN38 transistor is the major component incorporated within this project as an RF transistor that can amplify the low Radio frequencies hence the increase on the range compared to the other project circuits without any RF transistorItem Restricted Design of the Boys Hostel at Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2020) Nuwagaba, HappinessThis documentation is about the design of a two storied hostel at Kabale University. The ideas of this design were obtained from review of architectural textbooks, journals and building review reports. It also contains how our group intends and will carry out the design process of the hostel. The writing contains three chapters whereby; Chapter one is the introduction of the proposal that states the contents of the background of the university, how the problem was identified and why the project of hostel design was chosen ahead of others. Chapter two contains the literature review, works and related information by other scholars about design of structures. Chapter three outlines the methodology of how the project will be done; these are sequential methods for the process. Chapter four discusses the results and project discussions that involves details of the budget, work plan, appendices and referenceItem Restricted A Gate Design at Nyabikoni Campus Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2020) Gumisiriza, BensonKabale university faculty of engineering is an institution of higher learning education which prepares and enables its students to carry out projects in different groups. This is done purposely to give knowledge to students about what is done in practical. Therefore, in compliance with the above mentioned above, my project was based on the gate design at Faculty of Engineering, Kabale University.