Faculty of Education (FEDU)

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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12493/9

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Open Access
Employing Data Mining Techniques and Machine Learning Models in Classification of Students’ Academic Performance.
(Kabale University, 2024) Hussein, Alkattan; Alhumaima, Ali Subhi; Oluwaseun, Adelaja A.; Abotaleb, Mostafa; Mijwil, Maad M.; Pradeep, Mishra; Sekiwu, Denis; Bamwerinde, Wilson; Turyasingura, Benson
The study deals with the use of data mining techniques to build a classification model to predict students' academic performance. The research indicates that the use of machine learning models and data mining methods can reveal hidden patterns and relationships in big data, making them indispensable tools in the field of education analysis. Special emphasis was placed on the use of algorithms such as decision trees. The study includes an analysis of factors that affect students' academic performance such as previous academic achievement in educational activities, as well as social and psychological factors. Classification models were applied using the KNIME platform and the WEKA tool to analyze students' performance in three courses: database technology, artificial intelligence, and image processing in the ICT degree program. The results showed that the use of decision trees can effectively classify students' performance and determine the success and failure rates. The cruel outright mistakes, RMS errors, and relative supreme mistakes all showed 0% whereas the kappa esteem obtained from the analysis extended between 0.991 and 1.00 which significantly concurs with most statistical values.
Open Access
Effect of Education Investment on Citizen Democratic Satisfaction and Living Conditions in Africa: A National Survey for Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Sekiwu, Denis; Adyanga, Francis Akena; Romm, Norma RA
Education spending is essential for the advancement of society since it can capacitate people to participate in economic, social, and political life while propelling socio-economic development. However, Sub-Saharan Africa continues to experience economic decline and democratic inadequacies despite large investments in education. This calls for a critical assessment of their effects on society broadly. Therefore, using a sample of 1200 respondents from the national Afrobarometer survey, this study investigates the relationship between democratic satisfaction, education investment, and living conditions in Uganda. The results show that there is a general lack of satisfaction with the investment made in education, particularly among less educated and rural communities. Higher education is inversely correlated with better living conditions and democratic satisfaction, according to bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. These findings highlight the need for all-encompassing educational approaches that are geared toward raising living standards and citizen contentment with democracy.
Open Access
Professional Development and Science Teacher Effectiveness in Africa: A Study of South Western Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Sekiwu, Denis; Edoru, John Michael; Mwesigye, Seriano
Teacher Professional Development (TPD) has long been a factor in revolutionizing the quality of science education in Africa. Although the Ugandan government introduced many TPD initiatives, there have been noticeable failure rates in science subjects nationwide at the Uganda Certificate of Education (UCE) examinations. This study aims to interrogate the level of science teacher engagement in professional development, challenges hindering teacher access to TPD programs, and the correlation between TPD and teacher effectiveness regarding science grades. Using the Mixed method design, a sample size of 100 science teachers was recruited. The major findings revealed glaring gaps relating to inadequate teacher involvement in professional development, lack of planning for professional training of science teachers, limited funding, and negative attitudes towards professional development by science teachers and the school administration. The study proves that engagement in TPD positively correlates (π = 0.473, p < 0.01) with science teacher effectiveness. The study points to a critical argument that to deconstruct the narrative that STEM performance is supposed to be low and historically few students take on these disciplines, there is a need to invest in professional growth for science teachers.
Open Access
The Politics of Curriculum Implementation in Africa.
(Kabale University, 2024) Ssempala, Fredrick; Namazzi, Winnifred Birabwa
The curriculum decisions made about teaching are not just about educational content, not about whose voices are heard, or whose knowledge is valued, but also how societies envision education. So, understanding the dynamics of curriculum politics is fundamental to understanding the nature of implementation and the success possibilities of any curriculum implementation. This paper therefore found it important to investigate the kind of curriculum politics that prevails in Africa and how it influences curriculum development in schools. The objectives of the study were to explore how politics influences the curriculum implementation process in Africa and establish strategies that can improve the curriculum implementation process amidst the political dynamics. The study adopted an approach of methodological inquiry based on secondary data sources. Findings revealed the politicization of curricula in Africa significantly impacts teacher autonomy, teaching methodologies, and opportunities for professional development along the way through restrictive guidelines, standardized testing pressures, and conflicting pedagogical approaches. The study recommends addressing the politics of implementation through a multifaceted approach, where emphasis on prioritizing transparency, teacher empowerment, flexibility, and ethical inclusivity, can be used to navigate the challenges and create an educational ecosystem that empowers individual educators.
Open Access
Student Gender and Support by Compassion International Influences Achievement Goal Orientation among Adolescents in South-western Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Ndyareeba, Eunice; Zanna, Clay; Biirah, Judith; Kasawo, Henry Kibedi
The adoption of achievement goal orientation is a crucial factor in shaping an individual's attitudes and behaviors toward learning. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gender and support from Compassion International on the adoption of achievement goal orientation (AGO). The study used a parallel mixed methods approach to sample 510 adolescent students aged 12 -21 years were included in the study. Both Compassion International support beneficiaries and nonbeneficiaries were recruited for the study. The Mann-Whitney Test for Differences yielded statistically significant findings regarding the adoption of achievement goal orientation about gender and support from Compassion International. Mann-Whitney U Test was used because it was suitable for comparing the overall distribution of participants across gender and Compassion International support since the numbers of respondents within each of the two categories were not uniformly distributed. The adoption of mastery approach (MAP) and performance-avoidance goals (PAV) was found to be predicted by Gender, whereas mastery goals (approach and avoidance) and performance approach goals (PAP) were predicted by support from Compassion International. The findings of the study offer valuable insights into the possible gender-based discrepancies in achievement goal orientation and underscore the significance of compassion support in promoting achievement goal orientation that results in self-skill enhancement. This information can serve as a valuable resource for educators, parents, and policymakers in formulating effective approaches that tackle gender-based disparities as well as integrating external support initiatives by non-governmental organizations within the educational framework to foster fair and enduring educational outcomes.
Open Access
External Support and Demographic Factors as Differentials of Achievement Goal Orientation among Adolescent Students in Resource-Limited Environments.
(Kabale University, 2024) Ndyareeba, Eunice; Biirah, Judith; Kasawo, Henry Kibedi; Zanna, Clay
This study unveils demographic factors (age, gender, school type, compassion support, parental education, income) as correlates of achievement goal orientation. Using a convergent parallel mixed methods approach, the study investigated the influence of these demographic characteristics on achievement goal orientation among 510 adolescent students aged 12-21 (231 males, 279 females) in secondary schools in Southwestern Uganda. Using the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (AGQ-R) Scale and key informant interview guide, achievement goal orientation preferences and the influence of external support were respectively measured. Qualitative findings revealed teacher-student relationships, goal-setting training, defined external rewards, and peer pressure as critical factors that influence achievement goal orientation choice. Kruskal Wallis and Mann- Whitney U test results revealed that parents' income and education level, students' school type, and external support influenced achievement goal orientation preference among adolescent students in southwestern Uganda. In conclusion, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interconnectedness of these variables, offering valuable insights to enrich educational interventions, especially in resource-limited learning environments. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to increase the adoption of achievement goal orientation that results in self-skill enhancement through targeted and effective educational interventions.
Open Access
Lessons from Deborah’ Inspiration and Implications on the Plight of Women Leadership in A Male Dominated Society: Significances for Today’s World
(Kabale University, 2024) Rugyendo, Medard
Though this is a bible-centered article, it partly falls under the 5th of the 17 sustainable development goals namely to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world (un.org/sustainable development/sustainable-development- goals). The Jewish culture was a male-dominated society yet women had great roles and contributions in the social, economic, religious, and political fields. The male Jews used to have the morning prayers that included “Blessed are you, LORD our God, Ruler of the Universe, who has not made me a woman.” This view openly expressed a quintessential misogyny that lies at the core of a patriarchal religion.” Other examples included being left out in the counting of those that Jesus fed (Matt.14:21). They couldn’t be counted as the Israelites were leaving Egypt (Ex.12:37). They couldn’t be allowed to speak in the church (1 Cor.14:33b-36). Women couldn’t be placed in higher positions of leadership in the Jewish community yet women like Deborah the prophetess and judge in the Old Testament (Judges 4 & 5) inspired the Israelites who later defeated the Canaanite oppressors. Though Deborah was a heroine and the only woman among the twelve (12) judges of Israel, she was not included in the Hall of Faith in the Book of Hebrews 11. What was the nature of male dominance among the Israelites? Therefore, this is an assessment of a bible-based article but with other extra-biblical sources about the plight and position of women leadership in a male-dominated society based on Deborah. The implications of her achievements will inspire this 21st-century world that experiences gender-based challenges in leadership at various levels.
Open Access
“The Poor will always be with you”: Ethical Implications for the Church and Development in Africa.
(Kabale University, 2024) Rugyendo, Medard
We live in the world and Africa in particular where the Church promotes the love of God and neighbor but also harbours the poor as well. However, in the gospels, Jesus in Matthew 26:11 echoed the words of Deuteronomy 15: 11 that the “poor will always be with you” when a woman poured expensive oil on him preparing him for his death. To most people, it is believed that he meant that poverty is unstoppable, unbreakable, unavoidable, and predetermined by God yet it is created by human beings when they disobey God and neglect their neighbor. Christians ought to help each other and witness justice through sharing, clothing and providing shelter for the poor. This paper seeks to delve into the meaning of Jesus’ words and propose ethical implications for Christians. What’s the role of Christians in fighting poverty amongst themselves? Is poverty unavoidable? Is it predetermined by God? Through biblical search and other thinkers, the meaning and implications will be drawn.
Open Access
Practicing a Christian Environmental Ethic through Stewardship.
(Kabale University, 2024) Rugyendo, Medard
This article defines the human’s moral and ethical obligations toward environment and development but based on Genesis 2:15 where ‘the LORD God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden” to work it and take care of it. This implied that he was to think, plan, cultivate and improve on the same garden he had been placed other than living a contemplative life. The article portrays that God’s people are stewards but he retains ownership of all His creation through a careful study of God's Word as illuminated by a number of historical and recent authors. Then the article proposes the Christian’s practical implications as caretakers or managers of nature that will lead to the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The bible will be at the centre but other relevant sources that are extra- biblical will also be consulted as well.
Open Access
Influence of Female Teachers’ Reproductive Health Experiences on Their Work Performance in Schools.
(Kabale University, 2024) Tuhiriirwe, Hellen; Sekiwu, Denis
In this article, I discussed the influence of female teachers’ reproductive health experiences on their work performance in schools. By natural course, females undergo reproductive health changes such as menstruation periods, pregnancy, childcare and nursing which tend to weaken them physically, psychologically and mentally because of the challenges they encounter. This study was carried out to explore the influence of female teachers’ reproductive health experiences on their work performance and the coping mechanisms they use while executing their duties and responsibilities. In total, a sample of 45 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. These included Headteachers, Heads of Department, Male teachers, and Female teachers. The study employed Qualitative techniques by adopting a phenomenological research design to collect and analyze data. Data collection tools used were the Interview guide, Focus group discussion guide, and Documentary review checklist. A qualitative presentation and analysis of data were based on themes formulated based on study objectives. The cultural feminist theory was used to interpret and discuss data. The study findings indicate that female teachers are stigmatized, oppressed, stereotyped, and discriminated against in the workplace. These findings are of great importance to the Ministry of Education, school administrators, and future researchers they will guide policy formulation to improve the welfare of female teachers at the workplace. The state through the Ministry of Education and Sports should formulate a public policy agenda on gender equity to promote the welfare and inclusion of female teachers in all departments at the workplace. Keywords: Female Reproductive Health Experiences, Work Performance.
Open Access
The Value of African Wisdom: Reflections on Modern Education in Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Sekiwu, Denis
African Wisdom has remained on the verge of collapse arising from Western knowledge dominance. In the global knowledge revolution, however, all knowledge is critical in social transformation. This study examines the value of African wisdom in modern education. It interrogates the role of African wisdom in developing modern competence education. Thus, the article documents the philosophical scope of African wisdom as naturalized epistemology. It explores the status of African wisdom in the wake of colonialism, painting the hegemonic character of Western knowledge production. It empirically examines the value of African Wisdom in the development of competency-based education. Using qualitative research on Uganda, the paper analyzes the hidden educational treasure embedded in two African wisdom sources. Researchers used quantitative research to document the benefits and challenges of integration of African wisdom in modern education. Finally, the paper recommends transformative education in the social reconstruction of African education.
Open Access
Lifelong Educational and Decolonization Programs for the Batwa Indigenous People of Southwestern Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Sekiwu, Denis; Adyanga, Francis Akena; Musoke, Genza Gyaviira; Rugambwa, Nina Olivia; Muwagga, Anthony Mugagga
This article is based on a study conducted among the Batwa Indigenous people in southwestern Uganda between 2021 and 2022. The study aimed to explore culturally relevant lifelong education and decolonization programs for the Batwa people. Using indigenous research methodology, 60 participants comprising of elders, parents, children and teachers were recruited from the Batwa community for the study. We used Egalitarian liberalism and justice in education (ELJE) theory as an analytical framework. Key findings demonstrate that participants were conscious of the challenges faced by their community and collectively brainstormed practical redress measures. These measures include but are not limited to setting up an entrepreneurship education program, vocational and skilling programs, and promotion of Rutwa language. Besides, some specific Batwa life skills identified by participants are briefly described as imperative for integration in the schooling system to achieve the decolonization mission.
Open Access
SARS-Cov-2 Incidence Monitoring and Statistical Estimation of the Basic and Time-Varying Reproduction Number at the Early Onset of the Pandemic in 45 Sub-Saharan African Countries.
(Kabale University, 2024) Oduro, Michael Safo; Arhin‐Donkor, Seth; Asiedu, Louis; Kadengye, Damazo T.; Iddi, Samuel
The world battled to defeat a novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19), a respiratory illness that is transmitted from person to person through contact with droplets from infected persons. Despite efforts to disseminate preventable messages and adoption of mitigation strategies by governments and the World Health Organization (WHO), transmission spread globally. An accurate assessment of the transmissibility of the coronavirus remained a public health priority for many countries across the world to fight this pandemic, especially at its early onset. In this paper, we estimated the transmission potential of COVID-19 across 45 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using three approaches, namely, R0 based on (i) an exponential growth model (ii) maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, and (iii) a time-varying basic reproduction number at the early onset of the pandemic. Using data from March 14, 2020, to May 10, 2020, sub-Saharan African countries were still grappling with COVID-19 at that point in the pandemic. The region’s basic reproduction number (R0) was 1.89 (95% CI: 1.767 to 2.026) using the growth model and 1.513 (95% CI: 1.491 to 1.535) with the maximum likelihood method, indicating that, on average, infected individuals transmitted the virus to less than two secondary persons. Several countries, including Sudan (R0: 2.03), Ghana (R0: 1.87), and Somalia (R0: 1.85), exhibited high transmission rates. These findings highlighted the need for continued vigilance and the implementation of effective control measures to combat the pandemic in the region. It is anticipated that the findings in this study would not only function as a historical record of reproduction numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic in African countries, but can serve as a blueprint for addressing future pandemics of a similar nature.
Open Access
Exploring the Root Causes of Low Household Income among Smallholder Farmers in Kamuli District, Busoga Region, Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Lubaale, Ronald Gideon; Ocan, Johnson; Adyanga, Francis Akena
This study investigated the root causes of low household incomes among smallholder farmers in Kamuli District, Busoga Region, Uganda. Employing a mixed methods approach, the research integrated quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to comprehensively explore the factors influencing household income. The study population comprised 100 smallholder farmers and 20 key informants, totaling 120 respondents. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used to select respondents. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, and reliability statistics indicated a high level of internal consistency among survey items. Qualitative data was analyzed by using thematic analysis. The findings revealed significant challenges faced by smallholder farmers in Kamuli District. These challenges were categorized into agricultural production practices and technologies, institutional factors and market dynamics, and environmental factors and shocks. Limited adoption of modern agricultural practices, poor market access, and climate variability emerged as key impediments to income generation. Possible strategies to address these challenges were identified, including the adoption of modern agricultural practices, investment in training and extension services, infrastructure improvements, access to credit, and establishment of farmer cooperative associations. These strategies aimed to enhance agricultural productivity, market access, and resilience to environmental shocks. The study underscored the interconnectedness of challenges faced by smallholder farmers and emphasized the need for integrated interventions involving technological innovations, institutional reforms, and climate adaptation measures. Collaboration among stakeholders was essential to implement effective solutions and promote sustainable development in agricultural communities. By addressing the root causes of low household income, this study sought to contribute to poverty reduction and food security in Kamuli District and beyond.
Open Access
The Impact of Academic Staff Appraisals on Job performance in Rwanda's Private Universities.
(Kabale University, 2024) Ngirabakunzi, Felicien; Ocan, Johnson; Adyanga, Francis Akena
The study aimed to investigate the impact of staff appraisals on job performance within higher education institutions in Rwanda. Its objectives were to assess the types of appraisals conducted in private universities, evaluate job performance in a selected university, and determine the impact of staff appraisal on job performance. Methodologically, the study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research methods. A sample of 40 academic staff and 2 senior officials from one university was selected using universal and purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and one-on-one interviews. Key quantitative findings included a low frequency of academic staff appraisals, with Management by Objectives (MBO) and self-evaluation being the predominant methods. Despite this, job performance among academic staff was generally high, with an overall mean score of 3.49. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation (p < 0.01) between staff appraisals and job performance, indicating a moderate relationship (r = 0.547) between the two variables. Based on these findings, it is recommended that higher education institutions in Rwanda consider enhancing their staff appraisal systems to further improve job performance. Implementing more regular and comprehensive appraisal processes, along with diverse appraisal methods, could potentially lead to increased motivation and productivity among academic staff.
Open Access
Factors Influencing Recentralization of Local Government Functions in Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Biryomumeisho, Stephen; Ocan, Johnson; Adyanga, Francis Akena
The decentralization system of governance is perceived as one of the recent public sector reforms to improve service delivery in Uganda. It is the transfer of authority from Central to Local Governments to execute their duties to improve service delivery. Various developing countries have praised Uganda’s decentralization policy regarding the magnitude of the transfer of authority to the local level. However, since 2003, the Central Government started reversing the policy in terms of decentralization of the appointment of Chief Administrative Officers and Municipal Town Clerks and of recent City Town Clerks (for new cities in Uganda) from the District Service Commissions (DSCs) to the Public Service Commission, recentralization of Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) under the management of the Executive Director, Procurement of drugs from the district health office to the National Medical Stores (NMS), recentralization of the payroll and the recent recentralization of local revenue collection from LGs. This paper focuses on the factors influencing the decentralization of Local Government powers in Uganda. This is presumed to be evidence of the demise of the recentralization policy. From the reviewed articles, these factors include accountability challenges, human resource management crisis, political interference by local authorities and lack of financial discipline among local authorities and fear of local autonomy. The paper concluded that decentralization of Local Government functions reduced undue influence of local politicians though it accorded excessive powers to executive officers in Local Governments; the human resource crisis was mainly caused by poor man power planning. Recentralisation of local revenue caused financial constraints at the local level and recentralisation of KCCA led to the weakening of the opposition but led to increases resources to develop the capital city. The paper recommended that the Parliament should harmonize with the central government on the issue of returning Local revenue collection and management at the local level; give reasonable powers to the local Governments to control top technical leadership; increase funding to Central Government staff to monitor Local Government programs and build the capacity of local leaders to improve service delivery.
Open Access
Management and Utilisation of Land Resources to Attain Economic Sustainability among Christians in West Ankole Diocese, Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Ahereza, Madelean; Ocan, Johnson; Adyanga, Francis Akena
The study set out to investigate the land resources that are accessible in the West Ankole Diocese, their management and use, and the obstacles that stand in the way of the diocese achieving the targeted level of economic sustainability. Districts of Bushenyi, Sheema, Mitooma, Rubirizi, and Buhweju, form the Greater Bushenyi area which is all included in the West Ankole diocese. The study incorporated qualitative as well as quantitative techniques, such as the observation method, focus groups, and one-on-one interviews. Using these methods, researchers observed the behavior of study participants and made inferences about their responses and operations. It was anticipated that the primary conclusions of the results would clarify some shortcomings, highlighting gaps in the methods used for the utilization of terrestrial resources, which resulted in development imbalances, high rates of malnutrition, and food shortages while other resources remained idle. The reasons for this were further explored, and potential mitigation strategies were put forth. In terms of contribution, this study suggested regulated population expansion, informed instruction in contemporary land use, and a shift in land ownership. The limitations of the study concluded that the problems addressed in this research and the suggestions presented provide the basis for improving the land use practices being conducted. The study looked for novel strategies that, if adopted, would enhance the economic livelihoods in West Ankole Diocese and raise living standards and sustainably generate income. It also identified land resource practices that have contributed to underdevelopment. According to the study, in order to achieve sustainable growth through the use of land resources, the diocese would eventually generate higher economic gains from the resources if the relevant authorities were empowered. The research has been carried out in Uganda for the first time, despite being founded on a review of pertinent papers.
Open Access
Theoretical Review of Pay Restructuring in Uganda's Public Service Health Sector.
(Kabale University, 2024) Olum, Samson; Adyanga, Francis Akena; Ocan, Johnson
This article examines the impact of wage reforms on service delivery, financial stability, managerial efficiency, and donor influence and focuses on the public health sector in Uganda. Like other reforming countries, Uganda also implemented salary structure reform for various reasons, but the most important ones were to pay civil servants a living wage, make remuneration transparent, align the salary structure with the single-spine structure, and consequently increase the number of employees' motivation and efficiency in service delivery. The study analyzed research articles, policy documents, reports, and media coverage on pay changes for public health workers. Key findings show that the original goal of wage reforms, such as the single-spine structure has not been achieved; several pay scale structures were reintroduced. Different service models are used to calculate wages. Similar cadres of civil servants receive different salary grades; and wage allocation receives more funding than other areas, such as development and supplies. The results suggest that salary increases affect allocations in other important areas but do not always result in public health workers' commitment to service. Compromise and negotiation have played an important role in public sector wage restructuring. A review of wage reforms implemented across Uganda's public sector will be based on the recommendations and issues addressed in this study. The study provides crucial benchmarks with regard to wage reform strategies that promote diversity in the public sector and the distribution of authorities. This study is unique because it focuses on wage restructuring in the public sector to align practices with policies. Although based on a review of relevant documents, it was conducted for the first time in Uganda.
Open Access
Teachers' Competence as an Avenue for "Learning Through Play Pedagogy" in Preschools: A Case of Makindye Ssabagabo Division.
(Kabale University, 2024) Ngalonsa, Luciana; Ocan, Johnson; Adyanga, Francis Akena
The purpose of this study was to establish whether teacher competence can enhance the use of learning through play (LTP) pedagogy in preschools. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to; examine how teachers' knowledge of the strand matter influences the use of learning through play in preschools, to establish whether teachers' knowledge about learners influences the implementation of learning through play in preschool, and to assess teachers' pedagogical knowledge needed on the use of learning through play in pre-schools. The study was guided by scaffolding instruction as a teaching strategy from the social constructivist theory by Levy Vygotsky (1978). The study adopted a case study design. The study population comprised preschool class teachers, heads of sections, head teachers, and pupils in class observation. Purposive sampling was used to apportion individual members selected. Data was collected using the interview schedule, focus group discussions, and documentary analysis. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis and presented in narrative form. These techniques involved observing the study participants & behavior and drawing conclusions based on their responses and actions in the way they engaged in incorporating the learning through play pedagogy. The main findings of the results highlighted and approved that some of the teachers were competent in using the learning through play pedagogy while others still used the teacher-centered approach. Teachers conducted play without a pre-conceived pedagogical purpose. Others still involved children in the learning process in the absence of play. Further investigation revealed that those doing it well had received continuous professional development support, unlike the rest. In terms of contribution, the research recommended pedagogical advancements by showcasing the benefits of learning through play. The novelty of the study concluded that the problems addressed in this research and the suggestions presented provide the basis for improving ECD practices while using play in learning.
Open Access
Water Service Delivery Issues and Challenges for the Urban Poor Zones in Southwestern Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Muhamya, Horace; Ocan, Johnson; Adyanga, Francis Akena
The article aims to examine the issues and challenges associated with providing water services to urban impoverished areas in Southwestern Uganda. The research methodology employed in this study involved conducting a comprehensive desktop study and literature review, systematically searching, and selecting peer-reviewed journal articles, books, and conference proceedings within a specified scope, using carefully chosen keywords and search criteria. After collating and evaluating the selected literature, a thorough synthesis was done to identify existing knowledge gaps and provide insights into the research questions under investigation. The main findings of the results highlight the need for integrated service models to expand water service delivery for the urban poor zones in southwestern Uganda. The study concludes that the problems addressed in this research and the suggestions presented provide the basis for improving water services to urban impoverished areas in Southwestern Uganda. This research will broaden service models for urban areas while also creating service models for locations with features of impoverished conditions. It is crucial to remember that households in urban cells were more likely to use improved water sources (including piped water on-premises), make regular payments for water,rely on shared sanitation facilities, and use manual sludge emptying services.