Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (FAES)
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Item Restricted Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Harvested Rainwater in Hamuhambo Town Council Rubanda District.(Kabale University, 2024) Atuheire, IsraelHarvesting rainwater is a reliable alternative for the local people globally who have no access to centralized and piped water systems due to geographical location and economic pressure. The study accessed some of the physicochemical parameters such as pH, Temperature, turbidity, Electrical conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, and TDS across eight stations that included 3 community tanks (at a primary school, at a church, and a health center III hospital) and 5 individual household tanks by sampling once after eight weeks of harvest and storage of rainwater, to establish the water quality as there is a risk of contamination during harvesting and storing. However, this rainwater is mainly used directly for consumption and domestic use without any post-harvest treatment to improve the water quality since it is commonly done individually without any specialist knowledge and standard guidelines. The Mean: SD values for the physicochemical parameters measured PH: 8.8±1.5, Temperature: 21.7±1.0 (°c), EC: 168.8±86.3 (µ/cm), DO: 6.2±1.8 (mg/l), TDS: 87±47 (mg/l) and turbidity: 6.1±15.9 NTU were within the acceptable limits for portable water in reference to WHO and UNBS (Table 2), therefore I conclude that even after harvested rainwater has been stored for some time, its quality is not affected and it is thus fit for consumption and domestic use. There were no significant variations in the variables accessed apart from an abnormally high turbidity value at ST 05 where the sample was picked from the minimal water remaining on the floor that contained a lot of total dissolved solids suggesting regular cleaning of the RWHS at the beginning of each rain season, a first flush of 15 minutes at the beginning of the rain and installation of proper pre-filtration mechanisms. It is important to fence the underground RWHS to keep away children who may contaminate the water. Excavation of drainage channels where they are absent for example ST 03 and ST 08 and regular maintenance for those station (s) who have ST 01.Item Restricted Evaluation of Organic (Cow Dung) and Inorganic (NPK) Fertilizers for the Increase of Yields in Cabbages (Brassica Oleracea Var.Capitata).(Kabale University, 2024) Nabireeba, CosmaThe research study was carried out to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the increase of yields in cabbages (brassica oleracea var.capitata). The study specifically sought to determine the effects of using different organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth parameters of cabbages, to determine the yield of cabbages using different organic and inorganic fertilizers, and to determine the economic profitability of cabbages using organic and inorganic fertilizers. The experiment was carried out at the teaching and research farm, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Kabale University Uganda between February 2024 and July 2024. Based on the findings, organic manure boosts the height of cabbages significantly but does not have any impact on the number of leaves while NPK boosts the height and number of leaves of cabbages significantly. The findings further revealed that organic manure has no significant stem girth and leaf area of cabbages significantly while NPK has a significant impact on the height and number of leaves of cabbages. In conclusion, plants of NPK gave more height than those of organic manure and control after the application of organic manure. In the second week the total average height and number of leaves were shown indicating NPK dominated with increased height with increased number of leaves as compared to others The researcher also recommends that cabbage farmers should combine organic manure with other organic amendments and supplemental inorganic fertilizers that is NPK if necessary, for a balanced nutrient supply. Keywords: cabbage, Kabale, fertilizer, performance.Item Restricted Profitability Analysis of Potato Gardening at FAES Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2024) Amanya, MarvinThis study presented a comprehensive analysis of the profitability of Irish potato gardening in Kabale district. The study aims to provide an economic evaluation of potato farming by assessing the costs, revenues, and profitability indicators associated with this agricultural practice. Key factors analyzed include initial and recurring costs such as land preparation, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, labor, and irrigation. The revenue analysis considers the average yield per plot. By calculating gross and net profit the study identifies the economic viability of potato farming. The report concludes with recommendations for optimizing production efficiency and enhancing market access to ensure sustained profitability for local farmers. This analysis serves as a valuable resource for farmers’ agricultural stakeholders and policymakers aiming to promote and support Irish potato cultivation in Kabale district.Item Restricted Response of Yield and Quality Attributes to Plant Spacing In potato Growing.(Kabale University, 2024) Ekyatuheire, MaryusitaPotato (Solanum tuberosum) is a staple food crop worldwide, contributing significantly to food security and economic stability in many regions. One factor that significantly influences potato productivity and quality is plant spacing which is the distance between individual plants within a crop plantation. Optimizing plant spacing can potentially enhance photosynthetic efficiency, improve nutrient uptake, and reduce competition among plants, thereby impacting yield and quality attributes. The study aimed at evaluating the effect of spacing on potato yields and quality attributes. The study used a randomized complete block design with replications and data was collected on plant height, leaf area index, yields, and quality. It was found that spacing has a significant effect on plant height and leaf area index but an insignificant effect on yields and quality which implied that there are other factors that affect quality and yield beyond spacing. Therefore, it was recommended that farmers practice spacing since plant height was associated with high yields but there was a need for participatory sharing of experiences by experts, traditional farmers, and extension workers to make informed decisions on the optimal spacing.Item Restricted Effect of Different Spacing on Cabbage Growth and Yield Optimization.(Kabale University, 2024) Birungi, HillaryThis research determined the effects of different spacing on cabbage growth and yield at the Kabale University research garden, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Science. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of different spacing parameters on cabbage growth and yield optimization in terms of head size and weight. The study involved selecting the site and the site had a gentle slope with well-drained loamy soils. A 10 by 10m plot was allocated for my research. Seedbed preparation was done, and it involved primary tillage and secondary tillage, other agronomic practices were also carried out to ensure that cabbages obtained proper growth conditions. Gloria cabbage was transplanted and then planted in plots of 4 meters each with different spacing treatments (60×60), (60×45), (45×45) and (30×30). This helped in comparing the growth and yield for the four treatments The findings of the study showed that there was significant variation in growth and yield due to different spacing parameters. After three months harvesting was done for all four plots and results were analyzed to determine the most spacing configuration to optimize yield. Treatment T2(60×45) had the best cabbages in terms of head size and weight and T4 had the least head weight and size due to closest spacing which resulted in much competition between plants. The study recommends the use of a spacing of 60×45 for optimal yield of Gloria variety of Cabbage.Item Restricted Assessment of the Management of Plastic Wastes in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park: A Case Study of Buhoma Tourism Sector.(Kabale University, 2024) Tugume, JoyleenThis study aimed to examine the management of plastic waste in the Buhoma tourism sector of Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (BINP). Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews with UWA staff, hotel managers, porters, and tourists. Out of 109 distributed questionnaires, 75 (69%) were returned. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel and Word. The findings revealed that while some measures to manage plastic pollution in the Buhoma tourism sector have been implemented, there is still a need for improvement. Current practices include the establishment of trash cans (10%), controlled incineration (35%), mass waste collection on special wildlife days (25%), and awareness campaigns and sensitization (30%). However, improper disposal of plastic waste remains an issue. The measures currently in place have not fully mitigated plastic pollution, and some practices, such as incineration, still pose environmental risks, such as air pollution from emitted fumes. The study recommended additional interventions, including imposing higher taxes on the production and importation of plastic products in the country. It also emphasized that UWA management should fully implement all proposed measures to effectively address plastic pollution in and around the park.Item Restricted Analysis on Yields of Optimal Spaced and Broadcasted Grain Amaranth in Kabale Municipality.(Kabale University, 2025) Banyenzaki, DaglousThe study was about to analyze yields of optimally spaced and broadcasted grain amaranth in Kabale municipality. The study had the following objectives; to assess the impact of different spacing arrangements on amaranth yield, and to compare the yield of amaranth produced between the spaced one and broadcasted grain amaranth. The study adopted a field experimental design. The experiment was carried out on the Kabale University farm.T he results of this study demonstrate that out of a total of 20 observations, the majority of roots, 75%, fall within the 1-4 length range, constituting 15 instances. Additionally, 25% of the roots in this method fall within the 5-8 length range, totaling 5 instances. In conclusion, the comparison between spaced plots and broadcasted plots across plant height, root length, and total weight distribution highlights the significant influence of planting methods on various parameters related to plant growth and productivity. Spaced plots exhibit greater variability in plant height, root length, and total weight distribution compared to broadcasted plots, indicating the potential benefits of adopting spacing methods in agricultural practices. The study recommended that; Assessing planting density is crucial in determining the optimal spacing between plants to maximize yield potential. Adjusting planting density based on crop requirements, environmental conditions, and available resources can help optimize plant growth and resource utilization, Paying close attention to root development is essential for ensuring optimal nutrient uptake and overall plant health. Regular monitoring of root length and exploration can provide insights into soil health and nutrient availability, allowing growers to adjust management practices accordingly.Item Restricted Environmental Effects of Brick Making on a Wetland Ecosystem: A Case Study of Kakiizi Wetland Ntungamo District.(Kabale University, 2024) Nimusiima, NicholasA wetland is a distinct semi-aquatic ecosystem whose groundcovers are flooded or saturated in water, either permanently, for years or decades, or only seasonally for shorter periods. Wetlands play crucial roles ranging from water purification, provision of a wide range of wildlife habitat and flood control among others. Due to constant brick making, Kakiizi wetland has gone through a continuous destruction due to unlimited brick-making activities hence reducing this wetland roles. The study was to assess the impact of brick-making on the Ecosystem of kakiizi wetland in Itojo sub-county, Ntungamo district, in South Western Uganda, following the study objectives, which were: to assess the effects of brick-making on plant species richness and diversity of kakiizi wetland Ntungamo district and to analyze the effects of brick-making on physical properties of water of kakiizi wetland Ntungamo District. The results indicated a reduced abundance of plant species in disturbed areas than in intact sampling areas. Reduced species richness was due to increased ranges of water physical parameters as a result of brick-making activity which led to destruction and undergrowth of different wetland plant species. Findings of the study revealed that the affected parts of the wetland had limited plant richness and increased ranges of water physical parameters most especially PH, Electrical conductivity, and temperature. From the findings, it was evidenced that sedges are more likely to survive the effect of brick-making compared to other species. I therefore recommend that if a wetland is left for sometimes following its destruction, the wetland will regenerate and provide the same ecological functions for instance sedges were observed to generate very quickly if given enough time.Item Restricted A Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer (NPK) and Organic Fertilizer (Poultry Manure) on the Sweat Potato Yield.(Kabale University, 2024) Mwebembezi, ObedThis study investigated the comparative effects of inorganic NPK fertilizer and organic Poultry Manure on the yield and soil health of sweet potatoes grown in Kabale, Uganda. Utilizing a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three treatments (NPK, Poultry Manure, and control), the research evaluated tuber yield, weight, and the impact of soil-living organisms across nine plots. Results indicated that NPK fertilizer significantly enhanced tuber yield and weight, with tubers averaging around 0.5 kg, but its effectiveness was highly dependent on adequate moisture to prevent pest susceptibility. Poultry Manure moderately improved yield and weight, with big tubers averaging 0.5 kg and small ones 0.3 kg, while significantly enhancing soil health and pest resistance, indicating its potential for sustainable crop production. The control plots, with no fertilization, yielded the least number of tubers, with weights ranging from 0.2 kg to 0.5 kg, highlighting the necessity of nutrient supplementation. The study concluded that integrating organic and inorganic fertilizers, along with proper irrigation, could optimize sweet potato production by ensuring high yields, maintaining soil health, and minimizing pest issues. These findings underscored the importance of a balanced fertilization strategy for sustainable agriculture in Kabale.Item Restricted Comparative Analysis of Farm Yard Manure and NPK Fertilizer on Cabbage Yield: A Case Study of Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2024) Arinaitwe, SaulThis study investigated the effects of two different fertilizers, Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and NPK fertilizer, on cabbage yield. The choice of fertilizer could significantly impact crop productivity and quality, making it crucial for farmers to understand their comparative effectiveness. Understanding how these fertilizers affect cabbage yield can guide farmers in making informed decisions about sustainable and effective agricultural practices. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, with three treatments: FYM, NPK fertilizer, and control experiment. Each treatment was applied to separate plots of cabbage crops under similar environmental conditions. Cabbage yield metrics, including average weight per cabbage head and total yield per plot, were recorded and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods to determine significant differences between the two treatments. The study findings on the influence of FYM (Farm Yard Manure) and NPK fertilizers on cabbage growth parameters in Kabale revealed insightful findings. FYM consistently resulted in a higher number of leaves (10) compared to NPK (9) and the control (7), indicating its superior ability to promote leaf development. While both FYM and NPK showed similar leaf length (8 inches) and plant height (9 cm), these parameters were slightly higher than those observed in the control group (7 inches and 8 cm). This suggested that FYM, by slowly releasing nutrients and improving soil structure and fertility over time, promotes better growth and yield of cabbage compared to the immediate nutrient availability provided by NPK fertilizer. The study demonstrated that Farm Yard Manure is more effective than NPK fertilizer in enhancing cabbage yield under the conditions tested. The study clearly demonstrated that FYM (Farm Yard Manure) outperforms NPK fertilizers and a control group in enhancing key growth parameters and yield of cabbage in Kabale. FYM consistently led to a higher number of leaves, which signified its ability to promote robust vegetative growth compared to both synthetic and unfertilized conditions. The study recommended the investigation of the long-term impacts of FYM application on soil health parameters such as soil organic matter content, microbial activity, and nutrient availability and conducting research to determine the optimal application rates and timing of FYM for maximizing cabbage yield and quality.Item Restricted Analysis of the Effect of Planting Depths on the Growth and Yield of Carrots.(Kabale University, 2024) Muserero, Ronald ReganThe study evaluated the effect of different planting depths on the growth and yield of carrots in Kabale University, Kabale Municipality. It was guided by the following objectives; To examine the effect of different planting depths on the growth of carrots in Kabale Municipality and To determine the effect of different planting depths on the yield quality of carrots. Primary Cultivation was done manually using a hand hoe to till a land with a size of 10 x10m2. The land was left for two weeks before secondary cultivation was done. Two weeks after primary cultivation, secondary tillage was also carried out using a hand hoe and forked hoe. This process buried weeds and crop residues in the soil. Cultivation was done to the required depth while breaking the clods to form a fine seedbed. A Randomized Complete Block Design having two replications was used in this study. The treatments comprising different planting depths used in this study included: 0.6, 1.6, and 2.6 cm. The depth of 0.6 cm is referred to in this work as shallow while 1.6 and 2.6 cm are the normal and deep planting depths, respectively. The sowing of the carrot seeds was done using the recommended spacing of 30cm × 10cm. The sowing depths indicated in the treatment structure above were used based on the treatment, that is, shallow depth (0.6 cm), normal depth (1.6cm), and deep depth (2.6cm). Mulching was done using dry couch grasses, which were used to avoid germination of the fresh ones into weeds. The grasses were laid on the soil surface immediately after sowing to reduce the amount of solar radiation directly reaching the soil surface. Weeding was done manually using a hand hoe and hand pulling of the weeds from the plots. Harvesting was done on 10th June 2024 using a hoe. Harvesting was done after 94 days (3months) of planting .218kg of carrots were harvested. Washing of the carrots was done after harvesting to remove the soil such that it can be attracted by the buyer. Carrots were sorted according to size; big carrots were put in its own suck and the small ones in another suck. The big carrots weighed 140kg and the small ones weighed 78kg. The results from data analysis showed that planting depth had an effect on the carrot root diameter.Item Restricted Analysis of the Profitability of Cabbage Farming in Kabale District Uganda.(Kabale University, 2024) Muhumuza, TrustThe study aimed to examine the profitability of cabbage farming in Kabale District, Uganda. It was guided by three specific objectives: (1) to assess the production costs associated with cabbage farming, (2) to evaluate revenue generation and the potential economic returns, and (3) to conduct a return on investment analysis to determine the overall financial viability of cabbage farming in the region. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data collected from experimental plots at the university farm site. The data collected covered aspects such as production costs, yields, market prices, and financial metrics that were analyzed using tools like Gross Profit Margin (GPM), and Return on Investment (ROI). The findings of the study revealed several critical insights. The total production cost per hectare of cabbage farming was 4,300,000 UGX, with pesticides and seedlings being the most significant expenses. Other costs included fertilizers, irrigation, transportation, labor, and land preparation. Market prices for cabbage fluctuated between 500 and 1,000 UGX per head, with an average annual price of 700 UGX per head. The return on investment analysis showed that Gloria F1 is a more profitable variety to grow in Kabale with a return on investment of 115.8% compared to Copenhagen's 56.3%. The study made several recommendations to enhance the profitability and sustainability of cabbage farming in Kabale District. These recommendations include the need for government support in providing subsidies for inputs, improving access to credit facilities for farmers, investing in irrigation infrastructure, and offering training programs on best farming practices. Additionally, establishing stable market linkages and price stabilization mechanisms could help farmers secure better returns on their produce.Item Restricted Effect of Mulching as a Sustainable Farming Practice on Maize Cultivation at Faculty of Agriculture Kabale University.(Kabale University, 2024) Kyomuhangi, SamareThis study investigated the impact of mulching as a sustainable farming practice on maize cultivation at the Faculty of Agriculture, Kabale University, with specific objectives to compare the effectiveness of combining mulching with other sustainable practices, assess its role in suppressing weed growth and nutrient availability, and determine its effect on maize grain yield and soil health indicators. Mulching, a widely recommended practice for conserving soil moisture and improving soil structure, is analyzed in conjunction with other sustainable practices such as crop rotation and organic fertilization to enhance maize productivity. Previous research indicates that integrating mulching with sustainable agricultural practices can lead to synergistic effects, improving overall crop performance and sustainability. The effectiveness of mulch in suppressing weed growth and enhancing nutrient availability is a critical focus of this study. By reducing weed competition, mulch can increase the availability of nutrients for maize plants, leading to better growth and development. Studies have shown that organic mulches can significantly reduce weed biomass and improve soil nutrient content, providing a more favorable environment for maize cultivation. This research aims to quantify these benefits and determine the optimal mulching strategies for maximizing nutrient availability and maize yield. The impact of mulch application on maize grain yield and soil health indicators is assessed. Soil health parameters such as organic matter content, microbial activity, and soil moisture retention are crucial for sustainable maize production. Mulching is known to enhance these soil health indicators, leading to improved crop yields and long-term soil fertility. This study aimed to provide empirical data on the benefits of mulching in maize cultivation at Kabale University, contributing to the broader understanding of sustainable farming practices in similar agro-ecological contexts.Item Restricted Enhancing Amarath Growth and Yield in Kabale District.(Kabale University, 2024) Tumwine, DavidAmaranth, a highly nutritious and versatile crop, has emerged as a promising solution to food security and malnutrition challenges, particularly in regions like Kabale District in Uganda. This study aimed to enhance amaranth yield and usage in Kabale by investigating the impact of different manure types on crop performance, optimizing agronomic practices, and addressing local food security issues. Conducted over six months (January to June 2024) in Kikungiri Hill, Kabale Municipality, the research focused on the effects of organic and inorganic manures on amaranth growth, yield, and quality. Experimental results demonstrated that inorganic manure (DAP) significantly outperformed organic manure (cow dung) and control treatments in terms of plant height, number of leaves, and grain yield. Specifically, inorganic manure yielded the highest average grain output of 8.6 kg, compared to 7.9 kg for organic manure and 6.0 kg for the control. The study underscores the critical role of optimal manure application in enhancing amaranth productivity and proposes recommendations for farmers and policymakers, including the adoption of DAP fertilizer and further research on alternative manure types and amaranth varieties. By improving nutrient management and agronomic practices, this research contributes to sustainable agriculture and food security efforts in Kabale District.Item Restricted Analysing the Effect of NPK on Cabbage Production in Kabale Municipality.(Kabale University, 2024) Mugyenyi, JoabThe research project was carried out to determine the quality and yield responses of cabbages to different rates of fertilizers in the demonstration garden of the Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences of Kabale University. The study's specific objectives were to; evaluate the effects of NPK on cabbage production in Kabale Municipality, assess the influence of NPK on cabbage quality attributes, and provide recommendations for optimal inorganic fertilizer utilization for sustainable cabbage production in Kabale Municipality.Item Restricted Examining the Impacts of Sand Mining on Physical Water Quality: A Case Study of River Minera Rukungiri District.(Kabale University, 2024) Nasasira, AmbroseThe study examined the impacts of sand mining on physical water quality, case study of river Minera Rukungiri district. The study had the objectives; to assess the water quality, pH, and site size of River Mineera in Rukungiri District to quantify the environmental impacts of sand mining activities on the river ecosystem. The researcher utilized an experimental research design focused on assessing water quality parameters in River Mineera. The findings of the study showed that turbidity levels were significantly higher at sites Onsite to and downstream of sand mining activities compared to the control sites upstream. The control sites exhibited turbidity levels ranging from 10 to 12 NTU, indicative of relatively clear water. In contrast, turbidity levels at the impact and affected sites ranged from 24 to 32 NTU, with the highest levels recorded downstream. The increase in turbidity is likely due to the disturbance of sediment caused by sand mining, which introduces suspended particles into the water. The study concluded that the environmental impacts of sand mining on River Mineera have been comprehensively analyzed, revealing significant alterations to water quality and ecosystem integrity. The study had the following recommendations implement stricter regulations on sand mining activities, including licensing and enforcement of environmental guidelines. Regular monitoring of water quality parameters such as pH, turbidity, and sediment levels should be conducted to track the environmental impact and ensure compliance with standards, and limit the size and expansion of sand mining sites to reduce environmental degradation. Establish designated mining zones with defined boundaries to minimize disruption to the river ecosystem and surrounding habitats.Item Restricted Analyzing the Effects of Transplanting and Direct Seeding on the Growth and Yields of Green Pepper.(Kabale University, 2024) Natukunda, TracyIn sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), smallholder-based agriculture is the main source of livelihood, especially in the rural areas, where most of the population lives. Vegetable production provides for high-value crops especially green pepper that can be raised on small pieces of land throughout the year and as such, many smallholder farmers have increasingly gained interest in them. The objective was to analyze the growth and yield performance of green pepper subjected to direct seeding and transplanting thus understanding its profitability and ultimately contributing to the income of the farmers in Kabale district. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) of 10*10 with two treatments and their controls and replicated 2 times at Kabale University The treatments included subjecting one of the plots to transplanting while the other was subjected to direct seeding. The findings showed that plant height, number of branches, growth, and yield were greatly affected by the transplanting done during the production process hence enhanced productivity and more profits were generated from the same plots. Continuous research and collaboration among researchers, growers, and agricultural experts are essential for advancing our understanding of the effect of direct seeding and transplanting on the yields and quality production in green pepper production. The choice between transplanting and direct sowing can significantly impact the growth and yields of green peppers. Transplanting allows for better control over seedling development, early planting, and protection from adverse weather conditions. On the other hand, direct sowing can be more cost-effective and less labor-intensive. Understanding the effects of these two methods on green pepper growth and yields is crucial for optimizing production practices and ensuring a successful harvest.Item Restricted Impact of Weed Infestation on Growth and Yield of Carrot Plants.(Kabale University, 2024) Mutabazi, CosmaThe study examined the impact of weed infestation on the growth and yield of carrot plants. It was guided by the following study objectives; to determine the effect of weeds on the growth of carrot plants, to identify critical periods of weed competition in carrot plants and to investigate the effect of different weeding regimes on carrot yields. The experiment was carried out at the teaching and research farm of faculty Agriculture, Kabale University Kabale district, Uganda between April 2024 to July 2024. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) within the plot where carrots were planted. The researcher used 5 treatments replicated 3 times. Each experimental plot measured 3m by 1.5 meters in total. The treatments comprised of different weeding regimes as weeding once, weeding twice, weeding thrice, and fourth plus no weeding acting as a control experiment. Primary tillage was the first operation to be done to break up compacted soil, improve aeration, promote better water infiltration, and create a favorable seedbed for optimal carrot growth. Primary tillage is the first soil tillage after the last harvest. On 15th May 2024, two carrot seedlings were sown directly per hole at a spacing of 5cm. These 5 cm were measured using a ruler and holes were dug using a debar. After one week, carrot seeds germinated, and weeding started after two weeks. Data Collection Methods used included observation and measurement. Quantitative data was used during data analysis and it involved the use of frequencies, and tables against their percentages and aided in data interpretation, data analysis, and presentations of findings. The results on all blocks A, B, C, D, and E generally indicated that there overall carrot plant shoot as evidenced by an increase in height, an increase in the number of leaves, and an increase in leaf area. However, there was a limited increase in growth parameters of carrot plants in control block A compared to other blocks. The above results generally indicated that marketable carrot root tubers were high compared to unmarketable ones simply because the blocks that were weeded experienced a weed-free environment which made carrot crops grow well and give high yields. The study also recommended Implementing integrated weed management practices that combine cultural, mechanical, and chemical methods. For instance, using cover crops or mulching can suppress weed growth while promoting carrot health.Item Restricted Assessment of Factors Limiting Advanced Technology Adoption in Maize Cultivation in Uganda: A Case Study of Kabale District South Western Uganda.(Kabale University, 2024) Asiimwe, MosesThis study examined the factors limiting the adoption of advanced technology in maize cultivation in Kabale District, Southwestern Uganda, focusing on socio-economic constraints and the role of policy interventions. Despite the potential benefits of advanced agricultural technologies, such as improved yields and sustainability, their adoption in Kabale District remains low. Socioeconomic and demographic factors, including farmers' education levels, income, access to credit, and extension services, significantly influence the adoption rates. Previous research highlights that limited financial resources and insufficient knowledge about the benefits and usage of advanced technologies hinder their widespread adoption among smallholder farmers. The role of policy interventions in facilitating the uptake of advanced technology practices is also a critical aspect of this study. Government policies and programs designed to support agricultural innovation, such as subsidies for technology acquisition, training programs, and improved access to markets, play a crucial role in enhancing technology adoption. However, the effectiveness of these interventions in Kabale District has been inconsistent, often hampered by inadequate implementation and lack of awareness among farmers. This research aimed to assess the existing policy framework and its impact on promoting advanced agricultural technologies in maize farming. By analyzing the socioeconomic barriers and evaluating the effectiveness of policy interventions, this study provided comprehensive insights into the challenges and opportunities for improving technology adoption in maize cultivation in Kabale District. The findings were expected to inform policymakers and stakeholders about the necessary steps to enhance the adoption of advanced technologies, thereby boosting maize productivity and ensuring sustainable agricultural development in the region.Item Restricted Effect of Sand Mining on River System: A Case Study of River Rwabakazi Kabale Municipality..(Kabale University, 2024) Kamagara, DenisThe study examined the impact of sand mining on a river system: A case study of river Rwabakazi in Kabale Municipality. The study was guided by three objectives which were: to assess the impact of sand mining and identify different species that have been affected by the mining activities in river Rwabakazi, to establish the relationship between the affected parts and intact part of the river, to establish the strategies to mitigate the negative effects of sand mining in river Rwabakazi. A targeted population of 80 respondents was considered for the study. The methods that were used in data collection included questionnaires, observation, and interviews. Data collected was edited, coded, entered into the computer, and analyzed with Excel, a Microsoft statistical package, the results were presented in tables. The results from the study showed the different species that have been affected by the mining activities in the river, invertebrates, such as insects, worms, etc, many species of birds, mammals such as otters, beavers and amphibians, such as frogs and toads. the study findings showed the relationship between the affected parts and intact part of River Rwabakazi in Kabale Municipality intact areas of the river can act as natural filters, the intact areas can provide a valuable baseline reference for restoration efforts, healthy river areas serve as a source of recolonization for the affected areas, intact areas can provide crucial habitat corridors for species that may be displaced from the affected areas. The study discovered the strategies to mitigate the negative effects of sand mining in River Rwabakazi. These included promoting and incentivizing the use of less environmentally damaging sand mining technologies, implementing stricter regulations on sand mining activities within the river, developing and implementing river restoration plans for the affected areas, and encouraging sand miners to shift to alternative sources of clay outside the river. The study findings concluded by showing that there was a significant positive relationship between the affected parts and intact part of River Rwabakazi (p = < 0.01, rho= .530**) in Kabale municipality indicating that as certain areas of the river are impacted or disturbed, there is a corresponding effect on the remaining intact portions of the river. The correlation coefficient of 0.530** further highlights the strength of this relationship, implying that changes in one part of the river have a noticeable influence on the overall health and integrity of the ecosystem
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