Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences (FEMS)

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Open Access
A Call-To-Action: Integrate A Learning Health System Framework into Longitudinal Population Studies to Improve Health Response in Africa.
(Kabale University, 2024) Kadengye, Damazo T.; Kiragga, Agnes N.
Longitudinal population studies (LPSs) in Africa have the potential to become powerful engines of change by adopting a learning health system (LHS) framework. This is a call-to-action opinion and highlights the importance of integrating an LHS approach into LPSs, emphasizing their transformative potential to improve population health response, drive evidence-based decision-making, and enhance community well-being. Operators of LPS platforms, community members, government officials, and funding agencies have a role to contribute to this transformative journey of driving evidence-based interventions, promoting health equity, and fostering long-term public health solutions for African communities.
Open Access
Access to finance and women entrepreneurship development in the Kigezi subregion, Uganda
(Routledge Taylor & Francis group, 2022) Eton, Marus; Dianah, Nkamusiima
Women entrepreneurs are challenged by access to finance in their quest to start any entrepreneurial activity. Global business failures have not spared women entrepreneurs; hence, this study is very significant, as it may direct the path to new business venture creation by women entrepreneurs. The provision of financial support to a business enterprise does not guarantee its success or growth. The study explored the role access to finance plays in entrepreneurship development, the strategies that stimulate women’s entrepreneurship, and the relationship between access to finance and entrepreneurship development. We used beta coefficients to quantify the effects of access to finance on entrepreneurship development. The findings revealed that women entrepreneurs find it difficult to access cheap and adequate financial services. The study recommends increased funding, development of good policies, and entrepreneurship training and education for women-owned businesses in order to strengthen women’s entrepreneurship development.
Open Access
Adoption and Utilization of Business Innovations of Agricultural Research in Uganda: Empirical Analysis.
(Kabale University, 2024) Barekye, Alex; Tamwesigire, Caleb
This paper seeks to examine the adoption of business innovations within the context of the agricultural sector in Uganda. The findings emerge from research carried out to assess the utilization of business innovations of research in Uganda considering the National Agricultural Research Organization(NARO) as a reference, specifically to find out the association between innovation attributes and their use on-farm, as well as establish the consequence of innovation features and demand (market) about the use of discoveries in farm management. The opinions of 99 participants in producing major crops in the Kanungu district where the NARO innovations were verified were sought. The information was assembled and scrutinized with SPSS and STATA. The findings revealed that innovation features played an important role in the extent of application of the technology. Similarly, how old participants have had a negative linkage with the use of technologies, while the extent of education helps the application of technologies by farmers.
Open Access
Analysis of Viability of Core Inflation Components Based on Excluded Items in Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2023) Munyambonera, Ezra; Mukiza, Chris Ndatira; Niyimpa, Ediga Mfite
The motivation behind this study was to investigate the viability of core inflation components based on traditionally excluded items of the consumer price index in Uganda. Particularly, this was achieved through subjecting all Energy, Fuel and Utilities (E,FU) and Food crops to volatility and persistence tests. The study used time series data obtained from the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) for the period July 2010 to June 2017 and covered all the 10 baskets monitored by UBOS. The measurement variables included volatility and persistence. In this paper, the sum of the coefficients of an AR (q) model is used as a measure of persistence. In the study, food and related items are noted to be more volatile than EFU items. Particularly tobacco leaves, peas, matooke and malewa recorded the highest volatility with a low persistence while cassava fresh, water melons, apples, ground nuts and french beans recorded the least price volatility during the study period. On the other hand, the EFU items namely petrol, diesel, paraffin, Uganda National Water (UNW), firewood and electricity recorded the least variation in prices with a high persistence during the study period. The study further indicated that inclusion of the EFU and food items found to be less volatile and highly persistent, did not yield significantly different results when comparing means of the recompiled and existing core index at 5 percent level of significance. However, the recompiled core index was more precise than the existing core index because the standard error was reduced by 7 percent. In light of the findings, this study recommends a periodical review of the core inflation components based on both volatility and persistence in order to improve estimates.
Open Access
Analysis of Monetary Policy Objectives as Applied to Uganda’s Economy: The Dream to Achieve the Middle-Income Status in 2020 is Gone
(International Journal of Research in Engineering, IT and Social Sciences, 2020) George Stanley, Kinyata; Nafiu, Lukman Abiodun
This article analyses the effects of monetary policies in terms of monetary objectives, and instruments which are used by most monetary authorities to manage the requirements of the country’s economy and how they influence economic activities of the country. The study is centered on four policy objectives which Bank of Uganda has been using namely; full employment, price stability which includes controlling inflation and economic fluctuations, economic growth and maintenance of balance of payment equilibrium. The instruments which are bank rates, open market operations, change in reserve ratios and selective credit controls used by the central bank are dealt with in this study. Though the economic growth figures of Uganda’s economy have been in the range of 3.0 % to 6.1 % for many years, this has not demonstrated the general growth of income of Ugandans during the same period. According to the World Bank in 2019, Uganda with its population of over 42 million people has a gross domestic product of US $ 33.6 million and is placed number 3 after Kenya and Tanzania. However, in economic growth, it is number 4, after Rwanda, Tanzania and Kenya respectively. This questions the ability of the country to achieve the middle-income status by 2020 as had been predicted. The weaknesses in implementation of the monetary objectives which caused the government failure to achieve Uganda’s goal and finally the important strategies and areas which Uganda should use to generate high rates of economic growth to transfer in the economy and maintain macroeconomic stability are recommended in this aricle.
Open Access
Analysis of the effects of COVID 19 on the operations and sustainability of SMEs in South Western region, Uganda
(African Journal of Business Management, 2021) Arthur, Sunday; Caleb, Tamwesigire; Abanis, Turyahebwa; Siraje, Kaaya; Eliab Mpora, Byamukama
SMEs are considered huge boosters to the economy of Uganda. They serve as the engine and driving force for growth, development, innovation, economic prosperity and wealth creation of Uganda. The study aimed at establishing the upshot of COVID 19 on the operations and sustainability of SMEs in Uganda with a view to creating a lucid model for successful SMEs operations and improved performance. The study examined factors for efficient operations and sustainability for SMEs in Uganda. The study embraced a positivist quantitative approach with correlational design and cross sectional, survey design, underpinned on the interpretivism philosophy. The study used a sample of 205 SMEs working in Kabale, Kisoro, Rukiga, Rukungiri and Ntungamo. The findings revealed that COVID19 pandemic accounted for a significant variance in the operations and sustainability of SMEs in the selected boarder districts in Uganda. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the effects of COVID19 pandemic have positively affected performance, operations and sustainability of SMEs. The pecking order theory was largely supported by the study and resource based view lays the ground in explaining, sustainability, performance and operations of SMEs in Uganda. The study recommends that the respective government of Uganda authorities and partners offer appropriate liquidity intercessions to support SMEs in handling instant liquidity encounters, to avoid closures and bankruptcies.
Open Access
Anxiety and Fear of Negative Evaluation as Predictors of Hypomanic Activity Among Freshly Admitted University Students in Lagos Nigeria.
(Kabale University, 2023) Bushura, Afolabi Aroyewun; Baba, Ahmed Karatu; Graziella Onyegesi
This study examines whether anxiety and fear of negative evaluation predict hypomanic activity among new entrants to the University. A total of 350 first-year students comprising 181(51.7%) females and 169 (48.3%) males, selected from various departments and faculties of the University of Lagos, Nigeria, surveyed through convenient sampling, participated in the study. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory: Fear of Negative Evaluation scale and Hypomania scale of Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) were used to collect data for the study. The result of the regression analysis indicates that anxiety predicts hypomanic activity (R=. 122, R square=. 012, F ratio = 5.21, Pv=. 23), and the t-test revealed that male participants (t (348) =-3.560, Pv=0.001) scored higher on measures of hypomanic activity compared to their female counterparts. It also found that fear of negative evaluation does not predict hypomanic activity, while anxiety and fear of negative evaluation have no combined predictive ability on hypomanic activity; participants’ age has no association with hypomanic activity. We recommend that parents and university administration implement interventions to reduce anxiety-provoking situations among freshers to ensure an easy adjustment into the university environment.
Open Access
Are internal controls important in financial accountability? (Evidence from Lira District Local Government, Uganda)
(International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management (IJFAM), 2022) Eton, Marus; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel
Purpose: The study examined the importance of internal control systems in financial accountability in Lira District Local Government, Uganda. Specifically, the study determined the importance of control activities, control environment, and monitoring of controls on financial accountability. Research methodology: A correlational design to establish the relationships between internal control systems and financial accountability, and regression analysis to explain the importance of internal controls on financial accountability were adopted. Results: Internal control systems account for 55.4% of the variations in financial accountability. Specifically, control environment and monitoring controls bear significant effects on financial accountability while control activities do not. Contribution: This is one of the original studies to assess Lira District Local Government. The study validates the contingent theory and extends its application in public administration. Limitations: The input of stakeholders from the community was ignored. Future researchers should consider investigating the role of community participation on the performance of district local governments in Uganda.
Open Access
An assessment of economic and environmental impacts of refugees in Nakivale, Uganda
(Routledge Taylor and Francis group, 2020) Alex Ronald, Mwangu
Uganda is one of the leading host countries for refugees in the East and Horn of Africa. Uganda’s location among instable neighbouring countries and its open door policy to refugees has seen a big number of refugees flowing into the country from Southern Sudan, Rwanda, Somalia, Burundi, Eritrea, Kenya, Ethiopia and Democratic Republic of Congo. Some of the refugees are hosted in Nakivale one of the biggest refugee camps in the country located in South Western Uganda. This paper documents the economic and environmental impacts of refugees in Nakivale refugee camp. Data were generated through Focus Group Discussion and interviewing camp leaders, government officials, local leaders, the refugees and community members. This paper contends that the establishment and dense occupancy of Nakivale refugee camp have exerted pressure on the environment as the refugees’ endeavor to revitalize their livelihoods. The increasing numbers of refugees and their active involvement in the production systems has had an impact on the economy. The government should harmonize the interpretation of the 2006 Refugee Act on the right of refugees to employment so that they can increasingly be engaged in production systems, sizes of land allocations should be increased to facilitate expansion in economic activities; and scale up the environment management aspects that has been rolled out in new Uganda Development Response to Displacement Project
Open Access
An Assessment of the Accounting Techniques on Business Performance in Selected Commercial Banks in Kabale Municipality, Uganda
(International Journal of Academic Accounting, Finance & Management Research, 2022) Moses, Agaba; Turyasingura, John Bosco
Abstract: The study focused on accounting techniques for business performance of commercial banks in Kabale Municipality. The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between accounting techniques and the performance of commercial banks in Kabale Municipality. The specific objective of the study was; To examine the accounting techniques employed by selected commercial banks in Kabale Municipality, The study adopted a cross-sectional design which was quantitative and descriptive in nature. The study sample comprised 118 respondents selected by both simple random sampling and purposive sampling. The data were tested for reliability and analysed using SPSS and results were presented based on the study objectives. Study findings revealed that the use of accounting techniques had a significant effect on the financial performance of selected commercial banks in Kabale municipality (p=.031<0.05). The study concluded that accounting techniques had a significant effect on business performance in banks. Therefore, the researcher recommended that banks should have operational accounting techniques in place which could shape the choice of financing hence resulting in better financial performance.
Open Access
Bank Credit and Loan Repayment Rates during COVID-19 in Kabale District, Uganda
(2023-10-30) Byamuma Dicky; moses Agaba; Eton Marus
The study was to investigate the impact of bank credit on loan repayment rates in the Kabale region using Lyamujungu SACCO as the case study. Loan repayment performance at Lyamujungu SACCO has rapidly declined. This study used a cross-sectional survey method to examine, characterize and compare bank credit and loan repayment in Kabale district, using Lyamujungu SACCO as the case study. The sample size for each subject type was determined using the table of Krejcie and Morgan. Out of 150 samples, a sample of 108 people was selected for the study. The researcher used both purported sampling and simple random sampling to select members/clients of SACCO. Based on the results in the table, the null hypothesis for all three variables is rejected, with a significance level of (p = <.000, p = <.040, and p = <.001). This means that there is evidence that the distribution of mean scores for each of the three variables is not the same depending on the borrower's ability to repay. The study concluded that labor productivity growth decreased and therefore, income decreased, investment decreased and affected the borrower's ability to repay loans during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lyamujungu SACCO.
Open Access
Brand Association and Competitive advantange in alcoholic beer products in Kabale District, Uganda.
(International Journal of Recent Academic Research, 2019) Moses, Agaba
Brand Awareness is regarded as a very important concept in business because business organizations can use it to gain competitive advantage. Competitive advantage has been approached by looking at the external environment of the firm that is how the economic power of firms can be used to create competitive position in an industry. This study focuses on Resource Based View a model that provides a framework for identifying unique set of resources and this perspective shifts the approach of assessing competitive advantage from the external to the internal environment that is the resource power. This study, therefore, set out to determine the effect of brand Association on competitive advantage in beer products in Kabale district. The specific objective of the study was to (i) To determine the effect of brand Association on competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products in Kabale district. The study used a descriptive survey research design. The target population was 1783 including wholesalers, retailers, customers and brand and marketing managers of Nile Special Lager, Eagle Lager, Senator Extra Lager, club and Bell beer products in the District of Kabale, South Western Uganda. Multistage sampling techniques were used in this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select alcoholic beer products and producers. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to sample shopping center to collect consumer information. Shopping centers were selected based on a marketing investigation. Primary data were used and collected using questionnaires. The descriptive analysis involving computing the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the brand Association and competitive advantage variables was conducted. The inferential analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis and the t-statistic and the p-value were adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. The study used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) as a tool to process and analyse data. The study found out that brand Association does not significantly affect competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products and producers in Kabale district, south western Uganda. The study concludes that consumers of beer products in Kabale district do not attach much association with the beer brands and hence the levels of associations both positive and negative are very low in Kabale district among beer brands. The study recommends that brand managers should focus their marketing communications on the experiential benefits of their product such as fun, excitement, and enjoyment in order to create positive associations in the minds of beer consumers.
Open Access
Brand Awareness and Competitive Advantage among Beer Products in Kabale District, South Western Uganda
(International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Educational Research, 2019) Moses, Agaba; Eliab Mpora, Byamukama; Eton, Marus
In the current business environment firms are required to be more competitive and hostile. Brand Awareness is regarded as a very important concept in business because business organizations can use it to gain competitive advantage. Competitive advantage has been approached by looking at the external environment of the firm that is how the economic power of firms can be used to create competitive position in an industry. This study focuses on Resource Based View a model that provides a framework for identifying unique set of resources and this perspective shifts the approach of assessing competitive advantage from the external to the internal environment that is the resource power. This study, therefore, set out to determine the effect of brand awarenes on competitive advantage in beer products in Kabale district. The specific objective of the study was to (i) To determine the effect of brand awareness on competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products in Kabale district. The study used a descriptive survey research design. The target population was 1783 including wholesalers, retailers, customers and brand and marketing managers of Nile Special Lager, Eagle Lager, Senator Extra Lager, club and Bell beer products in the District of Kabale, South Western Uganda. Multistage sampling techniques were used in this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select alcoholic beverages products and producers. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to sample shopping center to collect consumer information. Shopping centers were selected based on a marketing investigation. Primary data were used and collected using questionnaires. The descriptive analysis involving computing the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the brand equity and competitive advantage variables, the inferential analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis and the t-statistic and the p-value were adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. The study used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) as a tool to process and analyse data. The findings show that there is significant effect of brand awareness on competitive advantage. This research concludes that it is only when brand awareness is high it has a greater effect on competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products in Kabale district south. The study recommends that beer producers and brand managers should prioritize brand awareness constructs as their strategy to attract potential customers because it does show significant effect on competitive advantage. The study further recommends that beer producers should enhance their efforts to build brand awareness in order to achieve competitive advantage.The findings of this research provide knowledge on building and sustaining firm’s competitive advantange by deploying brand awareness as an intagible critical resource from customer point of view with specific implications for developing cost cutting marketing strategies to maintain firm’ competitive position in Kabale district, South Western Uganda
Open Access
Brand Awareness and Competitive Advantage among Beer Products in Kabale District, South Western Uganda
(International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Educational Research, 2019) Moses, Agaba; Eliab Mpora, Byamukama; Eton, Marus
In the current business environment firms are required to be more competitive and hostile. Brand Awareness is regarded as a very important concept in business because business organizations can use it to gain competitive advantage. Competitive advantage has been approached by looking at the external environment of the firm that is how the economic power of firms can be used to create competitive position in an industry. This study focuses on Resource Based View a model that provides a framework for identifying unique set of resources and this perspective shifts the approach of assessing competitive advantage from the external to the internal environment that is the resource power. This study, therefore, set out to determine the effect of brand awarenes on competitive advantage in beer products in Kabale district. The specific objective of the study was to (i) To determine the effect of brand awareness on competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products in Kabale district. The study used a descriptive survey research design. The target population was 1783 including wholesalers, retailers, customers and brand and marketing managers of Nile Special Lager, Eagle Lager, Senator Extra Lager, club and Bell beer products in the District of Kabale, South Western Uganda. Multistage sampling techniques were used in this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select alcoholic beverages products and producers. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to sample shopping center to collect consumer information. Shopping centers were selected based on a marketing investigation. Primary data were used and collected using questionnaires. The descriptive analysis involving computing the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the brand equity and competitive advantage variables, the inferential analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis and the t-statistic and the p-value were adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. The study used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) as a tool to process and analyse data. The findings show that there is significant effect of brand awareness on competitive advantage. This research concludes that it is only when brand awareness is high it has a greater effect on competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products in Kabale district south. The study recommends that beer producers and brand managers should prioritize brand awareness constructs as their strategy to attract potential customers because it does show significant effect on competitive advantage. The study further recommends that beer producers should enhance their efforts to build brand awareness in order to achieve competitive advantage.The findings of this research provide knowledge on building and sustaining firm’s competitive advantange by deploying brand awareness as an intagible critical resource from customer point of view with specific implications for developing cost cutting marketing strategies to maintain firm’ competitive position in Kabale district, South Western Uganda.
Open Access
Brand equity and competitive advantage in alcoholic beverage products
(Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, 2019) Emenike O., Kalu; Moses, Agaba
In the face of growing competition in modern business environment as a result of globalisation and development in information and communication technology, firms are required to gain and sustain competitive advantage. This study therefore investigated the effect of brand awareness, brand association, brand loyalty, perceived quality, and other proprietary brand assets on competitive advantage in alcoholic beverage products and producers in Kabale District Uganda. The study employed descriptive and multiple regression analyses. The estimates from the multiple regression model indicated that brand equity has significant effect on competitive advantage among alcoholic beverages products and producers. This is evident in the statistical significance of the brand awareness, brand loyalty, and perceived quality variables at the 5% significant. We conclude therefore that brand equity has positive and significant predictive effect on competitive advantage. Hence, firms could enhance competitive advantage by paying attention to brand equity variables.
Open Access
Brand Loyalty and Competitive advantage a case of beer products in Kabale District, Uganda.
(International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research, 2019) Moses, Agaba; Edward, Ahabwe
Brand Loyalty is regarded as a very important concept in business because business organizations can use it to gain competitive advantage. Competitive advantage has been approached by looking at the external environment of the firm that is how the economic power of firms can be used to create competitive position in an industry. This study focuses on Resource Based View a model that provides a framework for identifying unique set of resources and this perspective shifts the approach of assessing competitive advantage from the external to the internal environment that is the resource power. This study, therefore, set out to determine the effect o f brand loyalty on competitive advantage in beer products in Kabale district. The specific objective of the study was to (i) To determine the effect of brand loyalty on competitive advantage in alcoholic beer products in Kabale district. The study used a descriptive survey research design. The target population was 1783 including wholesalers, retailers, customers and brand and marketing managers of Nile Special Lager, Eagle Lager, Senator Extra Lager, club and Bell beer products in the District of Kabale, South Western Uganda. Multistage sampling techniques were used in this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select alcoholic beer products and producers. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to sample shopping center to collect consumer information. Shopping centers were selected based on a marketing investigation. Primary data were used and collected using questionnaires. The descriptive analysis involving computing the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the brand Loyalty and competitive advantage variables was conducted. The inferential analysis was conducted using multiple regression analysis and the t-statistic and the p-value were adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. The study used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) as a tool to process and analyse data. The findings indicate that brand loyalty has significant positive effect on competitive advantage among alcoholic beer products and producers in Kabale district, South Western Uganda at the 5% percent significance level.The results of the regression model on the effect of brand loyalty on competitive advantage among alcoholic beer products and producers in Kabale district, South Western Uganda indicate that brand loyalty has significant positive effect on competitive. The study concludes that brand loyalty significantly affects the level of competitive advantage in beer brands in Kabale district. The study recommends that beer producers and marketers should put in more commitment in the area of brand loyalty in order that consumers are loyal to its beer products and thus increase their competitive advantage.
Open Access
Budget implementations in Local Governments in Uganda; Reflections from Kiruhura and Mbarara.
(Kabale University, 2023) Eton, Marus; Sunday, Arthur; Nkamusiima, Dianah
Purpose: This study focused on the extent of budget implementation in selected local governments in Uganda, focusing on the governance principles of budget implementation, which included participation, transparency, accountability, and gender equity. Research methodology: The research design used was descriptive and analytical to allow for a comprehensive description of budget implementation in the local governments of reference. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and interview guide. The participants were chosen purposively because they were conversant with the variables under study. Results: The study findings indicated that budget participation increasingly varies from one local government to another due to the low level of awareness among less-educated citizens. There was also a reduction in revenues, a failure of the budget to meet citizens’ needs, and the lack of sufficient time to implement the budget variedly affected budget implementation. Limitations: The study was conducted in only two districts and one city in western Uganda, and their findings make it difficult to generalize the findings. Contribution: This study provides a solid basis for advocating more observation of good governance principles in budget implementation. The study showed that budgeting is a collective responsibility for all, and therefore, transparency and participation are important. It provides valuable insights into budget implementation challenges in Uganda and proposes a workable strategy to respond to the challenges established. It also adds literature on the role of governance, transparency, and participation in budget implementation.
Open Access
Business partnership, women empowerment and support to women living with HIV/AIDS in Kabale, Uganda.
(Kabale University, 2024) Mwosi, Fabian; Eton, Marus; Aluonzi, Burani; Olupot, Simon Peter; Alia, Richard
Purpose: This investigation stemmed from the need to support women living with HIV/AIDS using community approaches of business partnerships and women empowerment as opposed to government-private sector-led support. Research Methodology: This study adopted systematic sampling techniques for data collection from 123 women living with HIV/AIDS from a designated health center in Kabale Municipality. Women taking ARVs were identified from the points where they were collecting their ARVs and were given questionnaires after consenting to participate in the study. Results: Women empowerment increased decision-making power, while business partnerships decreased dependence on male partners. Women empowerment increases support for women living with HIV/AIDS compared with business partnerships. Business partnerships, as observed in this study, draw weak relationships from many women living with HIV/AIDS. Women empowerment programs that cut across all age groups are effective in supporting vulnerable women living with HIV/AIDS. Limitations: This study encountered the challenge of interfacing with the respondents since the information was collected by those in charge of the drug distribution center but not the researchers and this affected in-depth investigations. Women accessing HIV/AIDS do not want to be identified because of stigma within the community. Contributions: From a public health perspective, designers of intervention programs to support women living with HIV/AIDS should consider inclusiveness in design, driven by age categorizations. Designers of intervention programs to support women living with HIV/AIDS should target business partnerships among low-income earners to reduce vulnerability.
Open Access
Capital Structure, Investment Decision and Financial Performance of SMEs in Uganda A Case of Central Uganda
(International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 2022-07-07) Turyahebwa, Abanis
The paper explored the relationship between capital structure, investment decision and financial performance of SMEs in Uganda a case of Central Uganda. The study adopted a descriptive, crosssectional and correlational design. The sample size was 226 SMEs in Central Uganda. The findings point to a moderate significant positive relationship between capital structure, investment decision and financial performance of SMEs. Capital structure and financial performance of SMEs (r = 0.642, P-value = 0.000), investment decision and financial performance of SMEs (r = 0.488, P-value = 0.000). From the results, we confirm that capital structure, investment decision, predict up to 66.2% of the change in financial performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Central Uganda The results show good model fits and fig.2 defines the model of capital structure and investment decisions on financial performance of SMEs in Uganda and is encompassed of 4 proportions of capital structure in terms of Equity, Long term Debt, Short term debt as well as investment decisions and their predictive power on financial performance of SMEs in Uganda. Figure 2 and table 1 and 2 clearly indicate that capital structure and investment decisions are significantly associated with return on assets (ROA) which in turn leads to improved financial performance. The study recommends an appropriate mix of capital structure coupled with premeditated investment decisions so as to have improved financial performance of SMEs in Uganda. The current study underwrites to academic research by providing empirical proof to support theories pertinent to the elucidation of financial performance. The study was anchored on Pecking Order theory together with Modigliani & Miller theory and the results depict the behaviours that managers have while making decisions concerning capital structure and investment decisions. With such, the precursors of capital structure, investment decisions on financial performance of SMEs in Uganda and other related developing countries has been revealed.
Open Access
Career Development Programs and Employee Performance in Kanungu District, South Western Uganda
(International Journal of Science Academic Research, 2021) Ainebyona, Alex; Moses, Agaba
Kanungu District Local Government has been experiencing poor staff performance in all departments such as Finance, Production, Health, Management and Planning, among others which was manifested through staff turnover, poor quality work and ineffective service delivery. This state of affairs raised a lot of concern among politicians, staff and the communities who directly benefit from their services. It also negatively impacted on the performance of the town councils because of the time lag they take to mobilize resources to deliver services. Despite the training support advanced to employees in town councils, they have persistently registered poor performance. The objectives of the study were to establish the relationship between staff training and employee performance in Kanungu District Local government, to determine the relationship between career advancement and employee performance in Kanungu District Local government and to determine the relationship between career planning and employee performance in Kanungu District Local government. The study espoused a cross sectional research design. The study used a sample of 164 respondents who were both purposively and randomly selected. Data collection in this study was done using questionnaires and interviews. Findings of the study revealed a positive (.894), but statistically significant relationship between staff training and employee performance. The Pearson correlation of 0.928** revealed a positive but statistically significant relationship between career advancement and employee performance meaning that career advancement based on competencies of staff, provision of scholarship to staff to upgrade their knowledge and skills, having career progression plan guided on equity and merit and career progression guidelines which stipulates conditions for promotion are likely to bring about better employee performance geared towards timely achievement of town Council targets. The findings indicated a Pearson correlation of .0.961** which showed a positive but statistically significant relationship between career planning prospects and employee performance meaning that have personal career plan, providing career advisory services, having career development plan and internal and external programs that develop staff as well as self-assessment tools would result into better employee performance. The study concluded that staff training had positive significant relationship with employee performance in Kanungu District Local Government. The study concludes that career advancement has a positive significant influence on employees’ performance in Kanungu District Local Government. Career progression among the Town Councils was guided by specific criteria, career advancement in the Town Council based on competencies of staff and having a well-structured progression plan guided on equity and merit would improve on employees’ performance. The study concludes that career planning has a positive significant influence on employees’ performance.. The study recommended that the Town Councils should regularly assess the training needs of staff before undertaking any training. To improve the performance of staff in The Town Councils, career advancement should be based on competencies of staff, equity and merit and more scholarships should be awarded to staff to enable them advance career-wise. The Town Councils in Kanungu District Local Government should provide adequate career advisory services to its staff as well as have adequate and proper career development plan for its staff to improve on their overall performance.