Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (FASS)

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Open Access
The Contribution of Tour Companies Towards the Development of the Tourism Industry in Rwanda: A Case Study of Primate Safari Tour Company
(Kabale University, 2012) Diogene, Habimana
The study was carried out on the contribution of tour companies towards the development of the tourism industry in Rwanda with a case of primate safari Tour Company. The objectives of the study were; to find out the contribution of tour companies towards the development of the tourism industry in Rwanda; to establish the challenges faced by tour companies in the development of the tourism industry in Rwanda; and establish the strategies to address the challenges faced by tour companies in the development of the tourism industry in Rwanda The research was conducted as a quantitative and qualitative case study. In depth structured and unstructured questionnaire and interview guide were employed the contribution of tour companies towards the development of the tourism industry in Rwanda with a case study of promote safari tour company. The findings revealed that tour companies had towards the development of the tourism industry in Rwanda. This revealed by respondents who were contacted for information regarding the topic. Respondents revealed that tourism had contributed to employment opportunities, income and promoted the development of infrastructure in the area of jurisdiction It was recommended that political stability throughout the country as to encourage more tourist visiting the country. Develop strategies and policies that are aimed at developing tourism industry in Rwanda and encourage more tourists in the country. Diversify tourism industry and reduce over reliance on gorilla tourism by introducing and discovering more tourist attractions like birding and canoeing.
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An Investigation of Market Research in Identifying Customer needs in Rwandan Hotels: A Case Study of Kigali Hostels.
(Kabale University, 2013) Joyeuse, Uwiragiye
A study was carried out in Kigali hotels to find out the role of market research in identifying customer needs. It was administered by the questionnaire which was distributed to about 70 respondents. Both primary and secondary data sources were used to collect data from the field. From the findings of the study it was found out that majority of respondents who were hotel owners were between 30-40 years (33%). Many others were the ages of 40-50 years (30%). These were found to be the people who had the capacity to start up hotels. Compared to what hotel owners prepared and what customers wanted as their favorite snacks, there was an indication that they liked snacks yet restaurant do not prepare them. Majority of all the restaurants prepare chapatti which fortunately was fond out be liked by the clients. Of all the snacks, chapatti and chips are mostly liked by the clients. This led to the conclusion that market research plays a big role in identifying customer product’s needs. The recommendations were; Hotels should offer both traditional and western dishes, Hotels owners should offer refresh courses to staff to offer modern services, Hotels should co-operate with public and customers and sometimes tune to their positive advice. Finally the researcher is optimistic that if the above is done customers will increase number then hotels owners make profits and develop.
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The Factors Hindering the Performance of Tour Operations in the Development of Tourism in Rwanda: A Case Study of Primate Safaris in Kigali, Rwanda.
(Kabale University, 2013) Alphonse, Ntabana
The study aimed at exploring the factors hindering the performance of tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali city, Rwanda. The study was guided by three objectives namely: to identify the various activities performed by tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali city; to establish the challenges affecting the performance of tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali city; and to suggest possible measures to address the challenges affecting the performance of tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali city, Rwanda. The study was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. The researcher used the questionnaire, interview guides and observation checklists to collect primary data from the field. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a total of 50 respondents for the study. Data was analyzed using excel, a Microsoft based computer statistical package. The study findings revealed that the majority of respondents (98%) were aware of the various activities performed by tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali City. Among them included transportation of tourists in their business of tour, travel and safaris from one destination to the other and issuing of booking tickets and permits to the tourists in the development of tourism in Kigali City. The study results also indicated that all the 100% of the respondents were aware of the challenges affecting the performance of tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali city. Among the challenges included high taxation by the government that hindered the work of tourism and poor customer care skills that affected the performance of tour operators in development of tourism in Kigali city in that it hindered the modes of attraction and retainability of the tourist in the study area. Basing on the study findings, it was concluded that the majority of the respondents (94%) were aware of the measures in place for to address the challenges affecting the performance of tour operators in the study area. Among the measures that were in place included better road networks, hotels and resorts among others and good customer care and hospitality that attracted and retained tourist into the country especially in the study area. The study was further concluded by requesting respondents to suggest possible measures to address the challenges affecting the performance of tour operators in the development of tourism in Kigali city Rwanda whereby conservation of the a abundant resources and preservation of fragile ecosystems and the need to recruit multi-linguistic staff among the tour operators in order to meet the demands of tourists with different languages were suggested. Basing on the findings of the study, the researcher recommended that the administrative hierarchy in the tourism industry has some unnecessary protocols which act as obstacles in dealing with issues of tour operators which require immediate solutions also the government should establish some incentive programs to assist tour operators in their business operations, among others.
Open Access
Communication Technologies and Tourism development in and around Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda.
(Kabale University, 2013) Eugene, Kagayano
The study aimed at exploring the effect of communication technologies on tourism development in Nyungwe National park, Rwanda. The study was guided by three objectives namely; to identify the various communication technologies facilities that harness tourism around Nyungwe National park; to establish the ways in which communication technologies had led to tourism development of Nyungwe National park, Rwanda and to suggest possible intervention measures for effective communication technologies for sustainable tourism development in Nyungwe National park in Rwanda. The study was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. The researcher used the questionnaire, interview guides and observation checklists to collect primary data from the field. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 50 respondents for the study. Data was analyzes using excel, a Microsoft based computer statistical package. The study results indicated that 98% the highest number of respondents were aware of the various communication technologies used in the development of tourism in the study area. The study findings also revealed that 22% the highest number of respondents were using Facebook to market and promote their tourism products. Basing on the study results, it was concluded that majority of the respondents 98% were aware of the various communication technologies used in the development of tourism in the study area and that the majority 94% of respondents noted that the available communication technologies had contributed towards the development of tourism in the study area. The study findings further concluded that the majority of the respondents 98% noted that there were challenges that faced available communication technologies in the development of tourism in the study area such as limited personnel and poor networking in the study area among others. The study recommended that tourism industries in developing countries especially Rwanda should hook up to the current trends in information communication technology and subsequently endvour to keep up with relevant developments in information and communication technology.
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The Effects of Genocide on Tourism Industry in Bugesera District in Rwanda.
(Kabale University, 2013) Egide, Mudaheranwa
The study aimed at exploring the effects of genocide on tourism industry in Bugesera District in Rwanda. The study was guided by three objectives namely; find out the effect of genocide (1994) on the tourism industry in Bugesera District in Rwanda; and to suggest possible solutions for improving the tourism industry in the post genocide era in Bugesera District in Rwanda. The study was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. Both simple Radom and sampling (general informants) and purposive sampling (key informants) were used to select 50 respondents for the study. The researcher used the questionnaire, interview and observation guides to collect primary data from the field. Data was finally presented in tables, pie charts and graphs. The study results revealed that all the 100% of the respondents replied yes meaning that they were aware of the effects of the 1994 genocide on the tourism industry in the study area (see table 4.3.1). The study results also indicated that the majority of respondents 76% reported that the 1994 genocide negatively affected the tourism industry (see table 4.3.2). Basing on the finding of the study, it was concluded that majority of respondents (32%) noted that there were visits to cultural sites of the formal kings and traditional before genocide and crocodile viewing also took place in the study area after genocide (see table 4.3.3). Among the tourism activities that took place before the genocide period.it was also concluded that the majority of respondents (40%) noted that there was touring the genocide memorial sites and tours and travels taking place in the study area after genocide (see table 4.3.4). it was further concluded that the majority of respondents (32%) rated the progress of tourism industry between 51% and 75% (see table 4.2.1). Among the progresses included peace and security facilities that guaranteed tourism safety and transport companies that were involved in the tour and travel businesses transporting international and local tourists to and from different destinations in the study area (see table 4.4.2). The researcher concluded the study requesting respondents to suggest possible solutions for improving the tourism industry in the post genocide era in Bugesera district in Rwanda where they suggested that there was need for better infrastructural development especially in line with better ICT facilities, hotels and resorts, road networks to the extent that they could be affordable to the local tourists and also that there was need for the intervention of international cooperation especially to facilitate the poor third developing country towards reaching prosperity and independent growth through the tourism development in the post-genocide period (see table 4.5.2) The researcher recommended that there was need for explaining how tourism can be used in promoting Rwanda a country, and what Rwanda’s views on sustainable tourism are in the future to come in the post genocide period and also that he Government of the Republic of Rwanda could possibly have significant role in boosting countries economic among others.
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Challenges Facing Small and medium Tourism Enterprises around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park: A Case Study of Nkuringo Area.
(Kabale University, 2013) Luke, Hakizimana
This study sought to investigate the challenges encountered by small and medium tourism enterprises around Bwindi Impenetrable National park. The purpose of the study was to establish the type and range of goods and services offered by SMEs. Evaluate the available market for the product offered and to identify the challenges encountered by SMEs. The study was conducted in Nkuringo and Rubuguri parishes around BINP. The problem was investigated through three themes namely; range of goods and services offered Market availability and the challenges being f aced by these enterprises. The study applied self-administered questionnaires, interview guide, observation guide, and review of secondary documents. Qualitative and Quantitative approaches were employed and data analyzed using tables and percentage analysis. The study respondents included tourists, hosts; lodge owners and managers, roadside entrepreneurs and handicraft enterprises. The findings revealed that indeed there are arrange of goods and services that are offered to tourists by different lodges. The market of goods and services is available but seasonal. Entrepreneurs revealed that they are looking at diversifying into other services like conferences, picnics and exhibitions. The study further revealed that entrepreneurs face challenges ranging from lack of capital, Insecurity because of the DRC conflict, poor linkages, poor infrastructure as well as lack of connectivity and technology. Although some efforts have been made to resolve some of the challenges a lot remains to be done to improve the business environment in the area.it was however proposed by some of the respondents that entrepreneurs rise up the challenges by collaborating to enjoy the benefits of linkages and networking. It was also recommended that entrepreneurs look for innovative ways of opening up new business opportunities.
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Assessing the Potential of Cultural Tourism Development in Kabale District
(Kabale University, 2013) Simon, Otebwa
The study was about assessing the potential cultural tourism development in Kabale District, of south western Uganda. This was guided by objectives namely: to identify, categorize, and profile the potential cultural sites in Kabale District, to find out the main challenges facing heritage tourism in Kabale District and to suggest possible strategies for the development of cultural site and heritage tourism in kabala district. The study had a qualitative approach and was an exploratory design in nature to come up with solutions to variables like assessing the potentials cultural tourism development in Kabale District. The research involved collection of ideas, experience and suggestions from the selected respondents owning cultural sites, adjacent community members to the sites and tourists who visited kabala. Respondents (male and female) from the age 10 and above were consulted to provide the researcher with relevant data. The study identified different cultural sites including Bukora caves, Nyakagyera caves, Kacuro Caves, Akampene Island, Ngorogoza Lake, Kitibya cave, Bukoora black smith area and Edirisa cultural center. It was confirmed that not much is known to the world about these sites and that on average they receive very few tourists once in a blue moon. The study found out that the cultural sites face a number of challenges including poor marketing for cultural products, limited resources to develop these sites, westernization which is making the people of Kabale to loose culture, failure to transfer important information on culture sites from generation to generation and lack of government support in the sustainability of cultural sites. The study again came up with some recommendations to some of the challenges mentioned above such as adopting teaching culture in our primary schools, promoters and intermediaries in tourism to consider cultural tourism as an important aspect of tourism, seminars on tourism in conjunction with cultural sites should be done, local government conserving creating accessibility in terms of roads, and investors consider investing in cultural tourism. More to that, suggestion to develop heritage sites and tourism in general were also revealed namely: informing local communities about how important is tourism to them, more research to be done about heritage tourism to come up with all the solutions to weaknesses in sector, and gazetting cultural sites as protected areas of value by the government should also be considered for the development of cultural heritage. However on the side of assessing the potential market for tourism, it was confirmed that a big number of tourists come to visit Kabale with 25% on purpose of cultural experience visits but of 100% only 10% have ever visited a cultural site. In addition to the above, it was put that tourists are willing to pay even for a package for any cultural tourism and if visiting a cultural site would be very interesting. Finally the study drew some suggestions on what should be done to improve on cultural tourism in kabala and these were: research on cultural tourism should be carried out for acquisition of proper information that should be availed for search by potential tourists, potential cultural, historical, heritage potential that can attract tourists should be marketed, tourism promoters in the country should also consider cultural tourism as an important touristic experience equally to others like gorilla tracking, and government of Uganda should put emphasis in restoring culture of its people for even tourism to grow.
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Assessing the Effect of Health Insurance to Social Development of People in Rukomo-Nyagatare District-Rwanda.
(Kabale University, 2014) Mutesi, Grace
This study was about assessing the effects of health insurance to the social development of people in Rukomo sector. Many theoretical models argued that health insurance protects households from health problems and associated costs. Using integrated household living condition survey data and qualitative data, i explored the effects of illness on households and whether they are prevented from impoverishment effects of health expenditure payments. In addition, i tested whether insured households were protected from dropping their children out of school as adjustment mechanisms when they face severe illness. The results suggested that health insurance has prevented consumptions disruption for insured people which would result from health problems. The findings are consistent with the impact of health insurance on poverty reduction and school dropping out whereby insured households were prevented from falling into poverty and dropping their children out of school following episodes of illness. These findings indicate that health insurance plays a crucial role in addressing issues preventing poor people to lead decent life.
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The Effect of Wildlife Conservation to the Surrounding Community in Nyamagabe District: A Case Study of Nyungwe National Park.
(Kabale University, 2014) Vestine, Batamuliza
The study aimed at establishing the effects of wildlife conservation on the surrounding community in Nyungwe national park, Nyamagabe district in Rwanda. The study was guided by three objectives namely; to identify the various community conservation activities taking place around Nyungwe national park in Nyamagabe district in Rwanda, to identify the contribution of wildlife conservation to the surrounding community in Nyungwe national park in Nyamagabe district in Rwanda and to suggest dependable wild life conservation measures for sustained benefits to the community of Nyungwe national park in Nyamagabe district in Rwanda. The literature review for the study was from different textbooks, manuals, reports, journals and websites from different libraries and computer laboratories in Nyamagabe and Kabale district in Rwanda and Uganda respectively. The research process involved proposal writing, data collection, data analysis, presentation, and discussion of results. Conclusion and recommendations of the study were drawn basing on the results of the study. The study was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. The researcher used the questionnaire, focused group discussions, interview and observation guide to collect primary data from the field. Data was finally presented in tables, pie-charts and graphs. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a total of 50 respondents of the study. It was found out that various wildlife conservation activities took place in the study area such as community awareness campaigns and resistance to bush burning among others. It was concluded that majority of the community members in the study area had benefited from wildlife conservation of Nyungwe National Park such as employment opportunities and climate modification among others. However, it was realized that the majority of respondents were not satisfied with the contributions derived from wildlife conservation that prevailed in the study area. Basing on the study results, it was recommended that conservation awareness and extension programs towards advocating sustainable utilization of wildlife resources should be emphasized as an important vehicle for the dissemination of conservation awareness and education in the rural areas.
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Women Entrepreneurs and Economic Development Nyagatare Sector, Nyagatare District.
(Kabale University, 2014) Donatile, Nyirandikubwimana
This study aimed at investigating the impact of women entrepreneurs on economic development in Nyagatare sector in Rwanda. A critical review of relevant literature was done under three main themes as guided by the specific objectives first, economic activities carried out by women entrepreneurs, the impact of women entrepreneurial activities on economic development and the challenges facing the women entrepreneurs in Rwanda context and the wider world. The research was a cross sectional survey which particularly employed both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect the relevant needed data, through use of self-administered questionnaires and interview guides. The major findings of the study revealed the following: on the nature of the business which were surveyed, the study findings revealed grocery, hardware shop, hair salon, baker, agricultural processing, welding, tailoring, ad sale of clothes, general dealer, vehicle repair, tourism and transport services, bar and lodging, carpentry, restaurant and consultancy services(education, legal, business and others). According to the study findings the owner’s reasons for setting up business were good and marketable business opportunities, encouragement from family and friends, retrenchment, love for self-employment, low income, and unemployment, inherited from family and due retirement. With regard to the contribution of women entrepreneurs towards economic development the study findings revealed: they contribute to employment creation, poverty reduction, serve as a means to economic redistribution and contribute adequately to competitiveness in the whole SSE sector in Rwanda. According to the analysis made the study findings on the challenges facing SSEs in Nyagatare District in Rwanda the following was revealed: limited access to finance, limited access to markets, lack of training & management skills, lack of public infrastructure, competition, crime (burglary, cheating etc.), high taxes, many government regulations and high costs of technology. Basing on findings the researcher suggests the following recommendations; women entrepreneurs is a very important towards economic development therefore there is need for the government of Rwanda to formulate a policy on increasing services and reduce on the regulations for women starting small business at the grass root level.
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Village Savings, Loan Associations (Vsla) and Socio -Economic Empowerment of Vulnerable People in Kamuganguzi Sub County, Kabale District
(Kabale University, 2020) Deus, Mwijukye
The study carried out was entitled “Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLA) and socio-economic empowerment of vulnerable people in Kamuganguzi Sub County, Kabale District. According to UBOS 2018, Kamuganguzi Sub County which was the study area was among the poorest sub counties of Ndorwa County, Kabale District where a total of 3,516 people were food insecure, 769 people had no access to safe water, 691 children (6-17years) were out of school, 1,142 children were involved in child labour and 110 children were married. The research design was cross-sectional and applied both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The tools for data collection were interviews and questionnaires. The study objectives included: determining the effect of savings on the socio-economic empowerment of vulnerable people; examining the relationship between credit access and socio-economic empowerment of vulnerable people; and examining the effect of social fund on socio-economic empowerment of vulnerable people in Kamuganguzi Sub County Kabale District. The study population was 255 which included LADA Uganda staff and VSLA group members. The key findings were, credit access and socio-economic empowerment of vulnerable people were synonymous with community replacing the damaged property. The conclusion was that village savings and loan associations and socio-economic empowerment of vulnerable people were found to be significantly related. The recommendations were: need to improve the health status of women in families as well as children since they were regarded vulnerable in order to let them live happily; there should be improved nutrition and food supply to all families to let children and other members grow healthy and live a happy life; increased household income should be the ultimate goal fostered by credit accessibility in the area which must be done with ease through the start of small and medium enterprises especially women; vulnerable groups of people should have the damaged property replaced in case of any loss with the aim of keeping standards of living at household level; achieving flexibility to immense development of social capital required the development of the saving culture that promotes regular income to help the community solve their personal problems; the social fund should be a unifying factor that enhances development through increased social networking to allow information flow since information is power.
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Women Economic Empowerment and Poverty Reduction: A Case Study of Kabale Municipality.
(Kabale University, 2020) Gerald, Baguma
Unequal opportunities between women and men continue to hamper women’s ability to lift themselves from poverty and gain more options to improve their living standards. Women are economically disadvantaged: for example, culturally, they do not own any property; girls are marginalized in education whereby some parents prefer to take boys to good schools and do not like to take girls to good schools. The purpose of the study was to examine the role of women economic empowerment and poverty reduction in Kabale district. The objectives of the study were: to examine the role of women economic empowerment and poverty reduction in Kabale Municipality; (ii) to identify the challenges affecting women economic empowerment in Kabale Municipality; (iii) to suggest possible solutions to the challenges affecting women economic empowerment and poverty reduction in Kabale Municipality. The researcher adopted a cross-sectional research design for the study. The study used questionnaire and interview guide to obtain data from all officials and interviews from women groups and household heads. In all, 191 respondents were selected through purposive, and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected by using interviewing, observation and questionnaire methods. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS 16.0) and Microsoft excel 2007.The study concludes that women economic empowerment has promoted self-employment, reduced gender-based violence in most families, and reduced on the level of income inequality. Women economic empowerment was found to be facing a number of challenges like low levels of income, low levels of mobilization and weak leaders. The study also concludes that there is need to reduce on interest rates and mortgage on loans for women as a solution to the challenges facing women economic empowerment in the district. There is still need to support women through sensitization meetings and workshops. The study, among other things, recommended that government should team up with the local rural banks to negotiate for low interest rate and flexible payment terms to encourage more women to acquire more loans for their businesses.
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The Role of Marital Counselling on the Socio-Economic Welfare of Families in Kabale Municipality: A Case Study of All Saints Church.
(Kabale University, 2020) Rugambwa, Johnbosco
The study was about Marital Counseling on the welfare of families in Uganda and it was carried out with specific reference to Kabale Municipality. The study was guided by the following study objectives; To find out the significance of marital counseling on the welfare of families, To analyze the challenges faced by families due to the absence of marital counseling, and to Suggest Possible Strategies that can be put in place to reduce the challenges associated with lack of marital counseling. The study population comprised of about 5000 people. The study employed cross-sectional surveys that involved different ages, gender statuses, and educational backgrounds among the selected respondents. Respondents from the study included Clergymen, members of both fathers and mothers unions, and Christians were chosen depending on their level of understanding about marital counseling on family welfare. The researcher used purposive sampling as it was the one that was convenient. The research tools that were used to collect data include Questionnaires, interviews group discussions targeting the following recipients, key informants, and focused groups and these were used to obtain both qualitative and quantitative data. 8(13%) of the respondents noted that It is through marital counseling that marital stability is promoted. This is because as long as married people are counseled they become faithful to each other and this enhances peace in the family. I 5(25%) of the respondents who were interviewed noted that School dropout by children is the main challenge faced by most families. I 5(25%) of the total respondents mentioned that the absence of counseling in married couples results in Domestic violence and this happens because most of these couples end up fighting and quarreling. Findings on objective three of the study conclude, that 15(25%) of the respondents who were interviewed by the researcher suggested that accepting the Lord Jesus as Lord and Savior by Married people should be the way to go. This is because a home that is built on the foundation of Jesus Christ becomes happy as Jesus encourages, love peace, and reconciliation among married people. The respondents also reported that the Marital counseling programs should be organized. The researcher recommends that accepting the Lord Jesus as Lord and Savior by Married people should be the way to go. This is because a home that is built on the foundation of Jesus Christ becomes happy as Jesus encourages, love peace, and reconciliation among married people. The Marital counseling programs should be organized. This should be done by professional counselors who deal with and specialize in skills for counseling couples. This will promote a strong relationship between married couples in their families.
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The Effect of Poverty on Rural Livelihoods in Uganda: A Case Study of Katooke Sub-County Kyenjojo District.
(Kabale University, 2021) Mukabazaire, Mary
The study focused on the effect of poverty on rural livelihoods with specific reference to Katooke Sub-county Kyenjojo District and it was guided by the following objectives; to examine the causes of poverty in Katooke Sub-county Kyenjojo District, to ascertain the challenges that occur due to poverty in Katooke Sub-county Kyenjojo District and to suggest the possible strategies that can be put in place to reduce poverty in Katooke Sub-county Kyenjojo District. The researcher used the descriptive research design as appropriate for the study because the study was concerned with finding answers to a key question regarding the impact of poverty on rural livelihoods. The researcher used a sample size of 52 who represented the whole target population under study. The study used Purposive sampling techniques which are the strategies applied by researchers during the statistical sampling process. Data collection instruments used included questionnaires and interview guides. The study employed a census sampling technique. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the proportions and frequency of the variables. The results were presented in the form of tables and figures. The study findings were presented and analyzed in line with specific objectives. The respondents who accounted for 17(18%) of the respondents who participated in the study reported that the high population growth rate has been one of the main causes of poverty in the Katoke Sub-county. The respondents argued that much as family planning has been emphasized, many married people have not adhered to this practice instead they are producing as many children as possible. The respondents who accounted for 4(8%) reported that lack of reserves is one of the challenges that come as a result of poverty. The respondents argued that People living in poverty don't have the means to weather the storms of life so when there is a drought, or conflict, or illness, there is little money saved or assets on hand to help. In Kyenjojo District repeated cycles of drought have caused harvest after harvest to fail. causing a widespread hunger crisis. The researcher recommends that since poverty alleviation involves improving the living conditions of people who are already poor, the government and other donor agencies can extend aid, particularly to the people living in absolute poverty so that they can start up economic activities and get out of poverty.
Open Access
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Women: A Case Study of Northern Division Kabale Municipality Kabale District.
(Kabale University, 2021) Ankunda, Tomson
The study sought to examine the impact of COVID-19 on women Northern Division, Kabale Municipality Kabale District- Uganda. The study objectives were; to find out the causes of gender based violence in homesteads, to establish the impact of Covid 19 on women, and to find out the solutions to gender-based violence in homesteads. The study largely applied qualitative research design. To a lesser extent, it also applied quantitative research design where descriptive statistics were used. According to the study findings, it was found out gender violence is a major cause of low household incomes in most homesteads for instance beating of women, and denying women the rights to access education, land, and property which often undermines their income earnings hence leading to low household incomes in most homesteads. However, apart from gender-based violence, other several factors contribute to low household incomes such as Political stability, and natural calamities. The study concludes that individual-level causes are biological and personal history causes that increase the risk of violence. For example, a low level of education, young age ( early marriage), and low economic status/income have been associated as risk causes for both experiencing and perpetrating intimate partner violence. The study recommends that the government needs to ensure that they are held accountable for the violence that they commit, including violence against women and girls. The government should put in place initiatives targeting the engagement of men to overcome violence against women. This is because they need to be adequately supported with human and financial resources, but without reducing resources from women's programs.
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Effects of Bride Price on Women's Rights Among the Bakiga in Kabale District: A Case Study of Kitumba Sub-County.
(Kabale University, 2021) Asiimwe, Bettus
The study investigated the effects of bride price on women's rights among the Bakiga in the Kabale district. A case study of Kitumba sub-county. It was guided by the following objectives; to examine the reasons why the bride price is paid in Kitumba Sub County, to assess the effects of bride price on women's rights in Kitumba Sub County, and to establish measures aimed at reducing women's rights abuse in Kitumba Sub County. The study used an exploratory and descriptive study design. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in the study. The target population was the NGO's employees such as FOWODE, and FIDA. Also, married men and women will be considered. The study also included local council members, police units/stations, and other key people for more information that may be vital to the study, in Kitumba Sub County, Kabale district. A multi/cluster sampling procedure was used to select the sample of the study area. The study used simple sampling to choose respondents. A sample size of 100 respondents was selected. And this represented the population of abused women. The sample size consisted of 30 selected key informants from the two organizations dealing with women's rights, 10 police officers, and 10 local council officers, 30 married men and women were selected. Data collection Instruments included interview guides and questionnaires. The researcher found out that there are many positive and negative impacts of payment of bride price to the process of traditional marriage namely; showing appreciation to the girl's parents, and showing one's intention to marry, it's a sign of moral consciousness to sexual morality, it's a sign of respect to parents, it's an opportunity to immerse wealth, it's a sign of respect and honor to the woman and it sustains culture. The research found out that many marriages have become unstable due to the aspect of bride price. Many marriages have realized domestic violence, abuse of women's rights, and women being reduced to being objects of domestic labor. The researcher also found out that a significant number of respondents tie domestic violence to bride price; men butter their women because they paid for them. They deny them a chance to make any decisions because they are no bodies just goods bought from the market. This trend can deeply affect marriage stability. How the negative attitudes can be abated through revised procedures of this practice, massive sensitization, and having commissions like human rights commissions step in to discourage all sorts of abuse of human rights. The researcher concluded that the respondents all support bride price as a cultural practice but with its related negative impacts on traditional marriages, they contend that there must be laws passed regulating payment of bride price and that it should not be restricted by the parents and guardians of the girl. The researcher recommended that; the government should develop regulations that deal with payment of bride price, to avoid the aspect of women being reduced to being commodities of sale. There should be a legal price limitation that protects the human nature of women so that they are not treated as commodities. The government should also tighten laws on domestic violence that incriminate individuals found violating the Law. This would help to deter people found of beating their wives and reducing them into objects and not loving them as partners.
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The Social-Economic Effect on the Well Being of Teenage Mothers in Rweikiniro Sub- County, Ntungamo District.
(Kabale University, 2021) Katushabe, Ferester
The main purpose of this study was to establish the social economic effect on the wellbeing of teenage mothers in Rweikiniro Sub County, Ntungamo District. A sample of 59 respondents of the study population was selected and approached by the use of simple random and purposive sampling methods. From the study findings, respondents pointed out that Parental influence played a central role in increasing adolescent pregnancy rate in Rweikiniro Sub County, Ntungamo District; other respondents revealed that early marriages were the sole cause of increasing teen pregnancy rate. Poverty, failure of family planning methods like Pills, Injections among others, family conflicts, and sexual immorality while Social media and Cultural rigidities were some of the factors that contributed to high adolescent pregnancy rate. Respondents revealed that there were social-economic factors affecting adolescent mothers' struggle to revive their aspirations in Rweikiniro Sub County. Ntungamo District. The first is parental relationships shaping the child's character on whether to or not to be involved in sexual intercourse early, The Culture of the community followed. family structure and employment opportunities while the others considered community's overall influence on the socio-economic factors affecting adolescent mother's struggle to revive their aspirations in Rweikiniro Sub County, Ntungamo District. It was found out Abstinence served all purposes for a fruitful marriage, the attitudes of adolescent mothers towards adolescent motherhood, sexual intercourse be done by old people only, children be guided on how to stay free from sexual intercourse, Children having a counselor who teaches them dangers of early pregnancy, the radio programs tuned for children listening. necessities availed to children at the right time and Tests carried out among children to reveal their sexual status were some of the attitudes of parents and society towards teenage motherhood in Rweikiniro Sub County, Ntungamo District.
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Examining the Impact of Women's Savings Groups on Socio¬economic Welfare of Families in Northern Division Kabale Municipality.
(Kabale University, 2022) Namara, Brenda
Saving groups including women's savings groups are promoted by numerous international and local Non-Governmental Organisations, government agencies and microfinance institutions in Uganda as a strategy for poverty eradication and improving the socio-economic welfare of families mostly among low-income earners (Agnes & Ruth, 2017). The government of Uganda through its programmes like the "bonabagagawale" scheme, the microfinance movement schemes, the parish development model and other government programmes strongly emphasises that the poor people including women participate in savings and self-help groups, not as individuals if they are to benefit from such programmes (Hassan, 2018). These savings groups, help women to own projects, and train their members, they offer soft loans, act as collateral to fellow members and are more often associated with the improvement of individual members both economically and socially. Despite the existence of women's savings groups in the Northern division of Kabale Municipality which would help in poverty reduction and improve on socio-economic welfare of families through the provision of small loans to its members at low interest rates and saving the little they have, still, the social economic welfare of families has remained the same in the area and there seem to be no reasons for forming such savings groups. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of women's savings groups on the socioeconomic welfare of families in the Northern division of Kabale Municipality.
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The Effect of Social Media on Morality Among Youth in Kirigime Ward, Kabale Municipality, Kabale District.
(Kabale University, 2022) Zakia, Lucky
Social networking sites have become a very important aspect in young people's life. Internet use has grown considerably in the last decade and the majority of young adult uses the internet. The increased use of social media by teenagers across the world has several risks and consequences. They include privacy concerns such as sharing too much information, posting of false information about themselves or others, exposure to fraudsters, and addiction to the internet or social media use that might impact negatively on their social, psychological and emotional well-being. the purpose of this was to investigate the effect of social media on morality among youth in Kirigime Ward, Kabale Municipality, Kabale district.
Open Access
Assessing the Effect of Counselling On Academic Performance of Primary Learners in Three Selected Primary Schools in Rubaare Sub-County, Ntungamo District.
(Kabale University, 2022) Kamutunguza, Stephano
The study was about Counseling on the academic performance of primary learners in three primary schools and it was carried out with specific reference to Rubaare sub-county. The study was guided by the following study objectives; to find out the significance of counseling on the academic performance of learners, to analyze the challenges faced by learners due to the absence of counseling, and to suggest Possible Strategies that can be put in place to reduce the challenges associated with lack of counseling. The study population comprised about 100 people. The study employed cross-sectional surveys that involved different ages, gender statuses, and educational backgrounds among the selected respondents. Respondents from the study included, teachers, parents, and learners were chosen depending on their level of understanding about learners counseling on academic performance. The researcher used purposive sampling as it was the one that was convenient. The research tools that were used to collect data include Questionnaires, interviews group discussions targeting the following recipients, key informants, and focused groups and these were used to obtain both qualitative and quantitative data. 8(10%) of the respondents noted that it is through counseling that learner academics is promoted. This is because as long as learners are counseled they become faithful to each other and this enhances peace in the school. 15( 19%) of the respondents who were interviewed noted that School dropout by children is the main challenge faced by most families. 15(19%) of the total respondents mentioned that the absence of counseling in learners results in strikes and this happens because most of these learners end up fighting and quarreling. Findings on objective three of the study conclude, that 15(19%) of the respondents who were interviewed by the researcher suggested that accepting the Lord Jesus as Lord and Savior by learners should be the way to go. This is because a school that is built on the foundation of Jesus Christ becomes happy as Jesus encourages, and loves peace and reconciliation among learners. The respondents also reported that counseling programs should be organized to increase learner's academic performance.