Uganda: A Story of Persistent Autocratic Rule
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Oxford University Press
Abstract
This chapter analyzes the persistent autocratization in Uganda under the prolonged rule of President Yoweri Museveni and the National Resistance Movement (NRM). It argues that Uganda's democratic backsliding is not a failure of institution-building but a deliberate strategy employed by the incumbent to retain power. The analysis focuses on the period following the formal reintroduction of multiparty politics in 2006, demonstrating how the regime has strategically utilized legal mechanisms constitutional amendments, restrictive legislation, and autocratic lawfare to undermine democratic institutions, stifle political opposition, and encroach upon judicial independence. These legal strategies are coupled with systemic patronage and repression to maintain control. Furthermore, the chapter examines how the Museveni regime has adeptly managed international relationships to bolster its position. This is illustrated through the politicization of LGBT rights to rally domestic support and divert attention from governance failures, and the strategic use of gender quota policies to cultivate international legitimacy. Despite significant leverage, the international community has been largely unwilling or unable to effectively counter these trends. The chapter concludes that Uganda's trajectory is defined by the executive's relentless use of both legal and international tools to blur the lines between law and lawlessness, thereby consolidating autocratic rule while maintaining a facade of democratic politics.
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Keywords
Democratic Backsliding, Autocratization, Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, National Resistance Movement (NRM), Lawfare, Political Repression, Gender Quotas, LGBT Rights, International Donors
Citation
Makara, S., & Wang, V. (2023). Uganda: A story of persistent autocratic rule. In L. R. Arriola, L. Rakner, & N. van de Walle (Eds.), Democratic backsliding in Africa? (pp. 213-234). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192867322.003.0009