Browsing by Author "Siraje, Kaaya"
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Item Open Access Analysis of the effects of COVID 19 on the operations and sustainability of SMEs in South Western region, Uganda(African Journal of Business Management, 2021) Arthur, Sunday; Caleb, Tamwesigire; Abanis, Turyahebwa; Siraje, Kaaya; Eliab Mpora, ByamukamaSMEs are considered huge boosters to the economy of Uganda. They serve as the engine and driving force for growth, development, innovation, economic prosperity and wealth creation of Uganda. The study aimed at establishing the upshot of COVID 19 on the operations and sustainability of SMEs in Uganda with a view to creating a lucid model for successful SMEs operations and improved performance. The study examined factors for efficient operations and sustainability for SMEs in Uganda. The study embraced a positivist quantitative approach with correlational design and cross sectional, survey design, underpinned on the interpretivism philosophy. The study used a sample of 205 SMEs working in Kabale, Kisoro, Rukiga, Rukungiri and Ntungamo. The findings revealed that COVID19 pandemic accounted for a significant variance in the operations and sustainability of SMEs in the selected boarder districts in Uganda. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the effects of COVID19 pandemic have positively affected performance, operations and sustainability of SMEs. The pecking order theory was largely supported by the study and resource based view lays the ground in explaining, sustainability, performance and operations of SMEs in Uganda. The study recommends that the respective government of Uganda authorities and partners offer appropriate liquidity intercessions to support SMEs in handling instant liquidity encounters, to avoid closures and bankruptcies.Item Open Access Challenges and Marketing Strategies for Young African Universities(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology (IJRSA), 2018) George Stanley, Kinyata; Siraje, KaayaThe article shows the challenges young Universities meet, particularly African Universities and also how they change their tactics to win these battles and to survive and flourish in the changing world. The Challenges shown in this article which many Universities have faced over the past four decades have resulted in important transformations in the scope of their mission, governance and relations with wider national, regional and global economics and societies. This article spells out these challenges, threats and strategies to continuously improve their programs, teaching, and provision of learning facilities and to find the right way to the Black Box of the consumer (students and other stakeholders). The article puts more emphases on marketing strategies of African Universities in their journey to excel generation and dissemination of relevant knowledge and skills development for lifelong learning and community service. The article shows how the education industry is facing lots of challenges and how marketing is the way that helps to reduce the costs of Education, increases the number of high achieving students and help Universities to boost their position in the Market, helps to elevate the brand and reputation. Lastly the article talks about the growth, the impact and importance of University rankings which is a key contemporary issue in strategic management of higher education. Rankings are highly based on research outcomes though there are more institutions worldwide which are not considered in these ranking criteria because they are more teaching oriented and concentrate on Arts and Social Sciences. Rankings are used either as performance Indicators or as tools for choosing places of study. These rankings should take into consideration of the establishment period of Universities. The article advises young Universities how to think globally to find the right way to global competition.Item Open Access Challenges in decentralization and service delivery, Wakiso district(Kabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2021) Henry Stanley, Mbowa; Siraje, KaayaThe paper examined the challenges involved in service delivery under decentralization in Wakiso District, Uganda. The study was guided by a case study design and employed the qualitative data collection approach. A total of 50 people were targeted for the study from whom 44 respondents were selected using Krejcie and Morgan table. Semi structured questionnaire using interviews were used to collect data from 44 Sub County leaders in Wakiso district. Raw data collected was summarized, organized and analysed using simple content value analysis through triangulation. Results revealed the challenges that exist in service delivery are inadequate human resources, insufficient financial resources, greed, questionable land ownership and lack of political will, stakeholder involvement and bureaucratic bottleneck. The paper provides insights on undocumented challenges within decentralization and hindered service among the beneficiaries.Item Open Access Challenges in the Implementation of Fiscal Decentralization and It’s Effects on the Health Sector in Uganda(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology (IJRSA, 2018) George Stanley, Kinyata; Siraje, KaayaAbstract: This article was written to show how decentralized services such as health do not match with adequate financial resources for Local Governments to deliver health services effectively in Uganda. The study reviews various writers on fiscal decentralization Programmes and high lights the problems affecting Uganda’s Health sector service delivery. The Main issues of concern regarding Fiscal decentralization and social economic development are tax jurisdiction, expenditure responsibilities and resource allocation. The study was conducted to assess the impact of Fiscal decentralization process on social economic development in Uganda and it focused on challenges affecting health sector and why such policy has failed to reduce poverty and inequality of the people of Uganda. The Study was based on the resource dependency theory by Ram Mudambi (2010), which posits that power is based on control of resources that are considered strategic within the organization and is often expressed in terms of budget and resource allocation. The effects of citizens participation in planning and budgeting needs the access to resources which are in most cases controlled by the national governments. The article describes the structural and reforms in Uganda’s health Sector Services and it assess its performance. This article shows how participatory monitoring and evaluation is critical in financial accountability and how lack of multiplicity of financial resources still undermine planning and target setting in Uganda. The article discusses how abolition of graduated personal Tax left local governments with limited finances to deliver services. This reduced the autonomy of local governments and health care services in rural areas remain out of reach of the people and fiscal decentralization has not led to improved services. The article recommends the review of the fiscal decentralization Act to empower local governments in resource mobilization and in decision making regarding funds from the central government.Item Open Access Community Development in the Rural Areas through Traditional Indigenous Knowledge(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology, 2019) Godfrey, Barigye; Siraje, KaayaThe desire to change the community is buttressed in its sustainability and equitability through imperative and rationale of community governance and knowledge-ability. The rural setting is characterized by the agrarian setting: peasants, pastoralists, fishermen, hunters and gatherers. These people depend on land practices for sustenance through agriculture (crop and animals). Also, the rural area is seen as the place where the elderly, disabled, victims of war, unemployed, drug addicts and those with poor political governance reside. Such vulnerability reflects lack of buffers against contingencies to social conventions, disasters, physical incapacity, unproductivity and exploitation; low living people/ the marginalized. The paradigm shift in practice of activities for community change in the rural setting entails appraisal, analysis, planning, experimenting, implementing, monitoring and evaluation that leads to sustainable development through and use of traditional indigenous knowledge. Community mobilization brings together people to pursue common interests by creating a sense of unity, ownership and self–control. The process gets people to overcome their differences, to begin dialogue on an equal basis and to determine issues that affect their community, enabling communities especially the poor and other marginalized groups to participate, negotiate, demand, change and hold accountable institutions that affect their livelihoods and well-being, ease access to community- driven development. Increased indigenous technologies, approaches and methods in the rural areas improve peoples’ visual representation of their knowledge, judgment and preference. They tend to increase commitment and enthusiasm to generate consensus. This progressive change is synonymous with sustainable development designed to improve the economic and social means that the total stock of environment (resources) be put into use in socio-economic and other related aspects to satisfy human needs.Item Open Access Greening Business through Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology (IJRSA), 2019) Godfrey, Barigye; Siraje, KaayaAs the World engages in a period of post-war reconstruction, cross-border channels of communication are integrated in environmental care and protection. With most citizens getting exposed to the stark geopolitical and cross-cultural imbalances, actors have emerged on the scene seeking local knowledge and technical skills of environmental care. Consequently, it becomes crucial for scholars and professionals in the region to engage in academic and professional discourses to analyze and examine the importance of environmental care by greening business through biodiversity and ecosystem services. Waste is generated at several stages in the production and consumption process: the earlier waste reduction is applied, the more efficient and sustainable results are achieved (Eco-analysis). Sanitation is a new approach through which systematic sanitation services are built and delivered to the community. Unhygienic sanitary facilities for excreta disposal, poor management of solid and liquid wastes and inadequate hygienic practices are responsible for a large portion of disease burden. Sound environmental health conditions are a key pre-requisite to enhance quality of life, to impact positively on sustainable economic growth and to reduce poverty. To increase sanitation coverage the policy can build upon scalable sanitary achievements. The key challenge is therefore to combine sensitization with targeted support for infrastructure development in order to bring sanitation coverage to scale and agro-forestry as an ecosystem.Item Open Access Internal Control Systems, Working Capital Management and Financial Performance of Private Institutions in Uganda: An Empirical Study in Mbarara District(International Journal of Research in Engineering, IT and Social Sciences, 2020) Eton, Marus; Fabian, Mwosi; Siraje, Kaaya; Benard, Patrick Ogwel; Edward, AhabweThis research adopted a cross-sectional and descriptive design. Data was collected using self administered questionnaire from those operating businesses in Mbarara municipality. Data was analyzed using a multivariate analysis technique and presented descriptively using mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The study revealed that the businesses were weak at aligning their operations with set business procedures, guidelines and national laws The study also established that the current level of internal control systems is moderately effective. These are commendable practices especially in small and medium enterprise businesses. The moderate relationship between internal control systems and working management confirms the likelihood that these businesses conduct regular financial audits and endeavor to maintain reliable financial records. The study recommended that there is need for businesses to align their operations to national standards and also train their staff in internal control activities that ensure adherence to principles of accounting and financial records. Government has a role to play in protecting nationals against consumption of goods and services that do not measure to national or international standardsItem Open Access Kabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal (KURJ)(Kabale University, 2022) Siraje, Kaaya; George Stanley, KinyataInternationally, researchers and scientists are known for creating, sharing and utilizing information to further the body of knowledge in their disciplines. In a bid to continue promoting the research agenda, the Kabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal (KURJ) as a platform for disseminating research findings, routinely accepts high quality original research articles, letters and commentaries on a wide range of disciplines including but not limited to education, social sciences, agriculture and environment sciences, economics and management sciences, medicine and the engineering sciences among others. The main aim of the Journal is to disseminate high quality and impactful publications that benefits society nationally and globally. The 3rd issue, volume 3 of the KURJ, is published with 8 papers which cover different issues of national, regional and global concern. The papers include: Reverse logistics and environmental sustainability in selected manufacturing entities in Kampala district, Uganda; Antiplasmodial compounds from Millettia dura; Resource mobilisation and allocation priorities on knowledge production in universities in Uganda: an empirical study; Epidemiology and causes of common soccer injuries during university games in Uganda; Micro-credit institution’s services and sustainability of micro, small and medium-scale enterprises during Covid-19 pandemic in Kigezi region south western Uganda; Transformational Leadership style and occupational stress among primary School Teachers in Tanzania; Citrus fruit farmers’ Adaptation Capacities to Climate Variability in Ngora district, Eastern Uganda; Developing metacognition in pre-primary childhood education in Nigeria and Uganda; and Mentorship and supervision in Ugandan higher education Institutions universities: challenges and prospects. The above articles will inform not only academics in these disciplines, but also policy and decision makers.Item Open Access Kabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal (KURJ)(Kabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2021) Siraje, Kaaya; George Stanley, KinyataKabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal (KURJ) is a multidisciplinary journal accepting high quality original research articles, letters and commentaries on a wide range of disciplines. KURJ intends to bridge the gap between research and innovation within the University environment and to bring to fore a multidisciplinary university based journal that can be used for disseminating high quality and impactful publicationsItem Open Access Micro-credit institution’s services and sustainability of micro, small and medium-scale enterprises during Covid-19 pandemic in Kigezi region south western Uganda(Kabale University Interdisciplinary Research Journal (KURJ), 2022) Moses, Agaba; Siraje, Kaaya; Nafiu, Lukman AbiodunThe study examined the effect of Microcredit institutions’ services on the sustainability of micro, small and medium size enterprises during the Covid-19 pandemic of the Kigezi region, South Western Uganda. The specific objectives were to: determine the effect of loan provision by microcredit institutions on the sustainability of MSMEs; determine the effect of the provision of the saving account by microcredit institutions sustainability of MSMEs, The study was conducted in the Kigezi region of Uganda. The region has six (6) districts namely: Kabale, Kisoro, Kanungu, Rukungiri, Rubanda and Rukiga. The Kigezi region is situated in Southwestern Uganda. The sample size was computed using Yamane’s sampling formulae and was based on a 5% level of precision. The research used both descriptive and cross-sectional surveys to gather information from various MSMEs records and panel procedures as well as a supplementary interview as methods of data collection. A cluster sampling procedure was applied to select the enterprises’ respondents. Enterprises’ owners and managers were the units of inquiry due to their importance as custodians of information on all the activities taking place in their respective MSMEs. The research population was divided into clusters (areas or districts) and the required sample was selected using simple random sampling. The study used an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire to collect the data. This suggests that increases in Loan Provision and Saving Accounts help to increase Sustainability. Results further indicate that of the aspects of Sustainability of MSMEs, Loan Provision has no significant effect ( =0.048, Sig=0.279); Saving Account has a significant effect ( =0.125, Sig=0.001); and Training on Managerial Skills has a significant effect ( =0.309, Sig=0.000). The study concludes that loan provision by microcredit institutions did not sustain MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic in Kigezi Sub-Region Uganda, accessing an adequate amount of credit is an important factor in increasing the development and growth of SMEs and increasing Saving accounts will increase Micro-credit Institutions Serviceability of MSMEs. The researchers recommend the use of sensitization of the clients and the use of other marketing tools.Item Open Access Provision of Managerial Skills by Micro Credit Institutions and Sustainability of MSMEs During COVID-19 Pandemic in Kigezi Region South Western Uganda(Science Publishing Group, 2022) Kyabarongo, Benon; Moses, Agaba; Siraje, KaayaThe study looked at how the services provided by microcredit institutions affected the viability of micro, small, and medium-sized businesses in the Kigezi region of South-Western Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic. The specific objectives were to: Examine the impact of microcredit institutions' provision of managerial skills on MSMEs' ability to survive the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda's Kigezi Sub-Region. The study was carried out in Uganda's Kigezi region. Six districts make up the region: Kabale, Kisoro, Kanungu, Rukungiri, Rubanda, and Rukiga. Southwest Uganda is home to the Kigezi region. Yamane's sampling formulas were used to calculate the sample size, which was based on a 5% level of precision. Descriptive and cross-sectional surveys, as well as an additional interview, were used in the study to collect data from various MSMEs records and panel procedures. A cluster sampling technique was used to choose the respondents from the businesses. Enterprises' owners and managers were the units of inquiry due to their importance as custodians of information on all the activities taking place in their respective MSMEs. The research population was separated into clusters (areas or districts) and the appropriate sample was recruited using simple random sampling. The study used an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire to collect the data. Results show that training in managerial skills has a significant impact on MSMEs' sustainability The findings demonstrate a statistically moderately significant and favorable association between microcredit institutions' provision of managerial skills and the viability of MSMEs (r=0.479**, p0.01). The null hypothesis was thus disproved. This suggests that microcredit institutions' provision of managerial skills has a beneficial impact on the viability of MSMEs during the COVID-19 epidemic in Uganda's Kigezi Sub-Region. The researchers advise emphasizing training (managerial skills), especially in financial management to support their clients in regularly improving their business performance, and most cases should be tailored toward the training needs of the clients. The study finds that increasing Saving Accounts and Training in Managerial Skills will increase Micro-Credit Institutions Services. The researchers advise using various marketing tactics as well as client sensitizationItem Open Access Understanding Feminism Perspective on Informal Women Entrepreneurs in Kyengera Town Council(International Journal of Research in Sociology and Anthropology, 2020) Henry Stanley, Mbowa; Siraje, KaayaThe process of marginalization and exclusion from intersectional and multilevel perspectives has much focus on intersectional of ethnic, gender and class background, which all vested in the feminism perspective of informal women entrepreneurs. The purpose of the paper is to examine the philosophical perspectives on informal women entrepreneurs in Uganda with a focus on how epistemological experiences and perspectives influence informal businesses and what the socio-cultural experiences of women entrepreneurs in Kyengera town council are. The paper is guided by a documentary-based review design using mixed methods, and data collected through on desk review from scholarly articles. The paper indicates various philosophical descriptions, epistemological experiences and perspectives and socio-cultural experiences of informal women entrepreneurs in Kyengera Town Council. The paper concludes that, feminist researchers need to focus on mixed methods research as means to address the knowledge, power and gender-gap among informal women entrepreneurs. This should include knowledge and science to constitute inclusion of women to eliminate male-biased ideologies.