Browsing by Author "Ayiga, Natal"

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    Classifying the Involvement of Men and Women in Climate Smart Agricultural Practices in Kayonza Sub-county
    (International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 2022-02-25) Turyasingura, Benson; Ayiga, Natal
    Globally, climate change is currently recognized as one of the most serious risks to communities' socio-economic activity, health, and livelihood. Climate Smart Agriculture is an essential tactic to developing the technical, policy, and investment conditions that enable actions aimed at achieving sustainable agricultural development for food and nutrition security in a changing climate. The purpose of this study was therefore classifying the involvement of men and women in climate smart agricultural practices in Kayonza sub-county, Kanungu district, Uganda. The study was guided by the specific objectives which include investigating the engagement of both men and women in climate-smart practices, establishing different climate-smart practices that are being used and assessing the climate smart agricultural practices adopted in in Kayonza sub-county. The study used descriptive research design utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analyses methods. Using simple random and purposive sampling techniques, a total of 374 respondents were selected to participate in the study. Questionnaires, key informant interviews, observation methods of data collection were used in this study. It was found out that both men and women were involved in the planting of trees and crops on farms that are typically used for fruit, fodder. Improved cooking stoves, fisheries and aquaculture, pasture management and planting of plant tolerant verities were among the CSA practices. The study recommends that the government should develop a strategy plan for gender quality based on goals that reflect an awareness of the economic and social implications of compromised climate smart agriculture. It was also concluded that both men and women were active in climate-smart farming methods.
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    Classifying the Involvement of Men and Women in Climate Smart Agricultural Practices in Kayonza Sub-county, Kanungu District, Uganda
    (International Journal of Energy and Environmental Science, 2022) Benson, Turyasingura; Ayiga, Natal
    Globally, climate change is currently recognized as one of the most serious risks to communities' socio-economic activity, health, and livelihood. Climate Smart Agriculture is an essential tactic to developing the technical, policy, and investment conditions that enable actions aimed at achieving sustainable agricultural development for food and nutrition security in a changing climate. The purpose of this study was therefore classifying the involvement of men and women in climate smart agricultural practices in Kayonza sub-county, Kanungu district, Uganda. The study was guided by the specific objectives which include investigating the engagement of both men and women in climate-smart practices, establishing different climate-smart practices that are being used and assessing the climate smart agricultural practices adopted in in Kayonza sub-county. The study used descriptive research design utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analyses methods. Using simple random and purposive sampling techniques, a total of 374 respondents were selected to participate in the study. Questionnaires,key informant interviews, observation methods of data collection were used in this study. It was found out that both men and women were involved in the planting of trees and crops on farms that are typically used for fruit, fodder. Improved cooking stoves, fisheries and aquaculture, pasture management and planting of plant tolerant verities were among the CSA practices. The study recommends that the government should develop a strategy plan for gender quality based on goals that reflect an awareness of the economic and social implications of compromised climate smart agriculture. It was also concluded that both men and women were active in climate-smart farming methods.
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    Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) for Sustainable Agriculture Nexus: A Tool for Transforming Food Systems
    (2023-03-29) Turyasingura, Benson; Ayiga, Natal; Tumwesigye, Wycliffe; James, Philip Hegarty
    Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is a global strategy for enhancing food productivity amidst climate change uncertainties in the 21st century. CSA improves farmers’ incomes, reduces greenhouse emissions, and farming systems become resilient to climate change. Despite the vital role that CSA plays in the development of the agricultural industry and the economy, the extent to which CSA is related to sustainable agriculture (SA) is not well documented. Is CSA the same as SA? If they are the same, do CSA practices impose mitigation requirements for developing countries like Uganda? Studies or research on CSA and SA unfortunately have certain shortcomings. Lack of this knowledge makes it difficult to plan investments and develop policies that will increase farmers’ resilience to climate change and variability to improve SA. This study is aimed at assessing how CSA links to SA and whether the two contribute to climate change mitigation requirements. It was found that CSA and SA are also related in a way that the latter leads to lowering greenhouse gas emissions hence mitigating climate change. CSA and SA share a common principal goal of achieving food security. It was concluded that developing countries are the worst affected by the negative impacts of climate change and don’t have the adaptive capacity to respond to climate change effects.
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    The Discourse of Non-Citizens Expulsion Reinvigorated: Examination of Racial Undertones in Asians Expulsion from Uganda in 1972
    (African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 2021) Francis Akena, Adyanga; Eton, Marus; Ayiga, Natal
    The expulsion of non-citizens from countries around the globe is not a new phenomenon. In Africa, there have been numerous documented and undocumented cases after the continent acquired political independence in the 1960’s. In the critical antiracist study, forceful expulsion of citizens of another country may constitute racism. However, our position in this paper is that expulsion of non-citizens for the interest of the host country is not necessarily a racial act. It is on this basis that we examine the expulsion of Asians from Uganda in 1972 and argue that the act, at the basic level of bigotry analysis may not have constituted racism. However, categorizing the Asians population in Uganda by then, the main argument in this paper justifies the expulsion for certain groups on one hand. But on the other hand, we admonish the Uganda government for collective expulsion of the Asians whose ancestors were brought in the country in the late 19th century to build the Uganda railway. Furthermore, the paper argues that as much as many of the Asians were second or third generations having been born in Uganda and were legal citizens, they do not fall within the category of indigenous population. Therefore, their expulsion based on indigeneity and correcting economic imbalance by then is racially unbiased and defensible.
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    Diversity at Landscape Level to Increase Resilience. A Review
    (East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources, 2022) Benson, Turyasingura; Ayiga, Natal; Majaliwa, Mwanjalolo
    Tree species increases the number of ecological niches and associated species such as understory plants and animals hence, increased landscape ecosystem diversity. Rapid environmental and economic changes are posing serious dangers to ecosystems and economic systems around the world. This has resulted in the extinction of species, droughts, and price fluctuations in agricultural products. The aim of this review is to document landscape diversity and ecosystem resilience as a tool for natural resources management. The species from one ecosystem's functional group may temporarily support a functional group in another ecosystem, significant variety can help to maintain ecological stability. Hence, building on these insights, diversity at landscape level is paramount to promoting resilient livelihoods as a means of improving the health and functioning of socio-ecological systems, as well as a mechanism for achieving food security. The study concludes that there should be involving many actors in a landscape management aspect to stimulate knowledge exchange and training.
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    Diversity at Landscape Level to Increase Resilience. A Review
    (East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources, 2022-06-25) Turyasingura, Benson; Mwanjalolo, Majaliwa; Ayiga, Natal
    Tree species increases the number of ecological niches and associated species such as understory plants and animals hence, increased landscape ecosystem diversity. Rapid environmental and economic changes are posing serious dangers to ecosystems and economic systems around the world. This has resulted in the extinction of species, droughts, and price fluctuations in agricultural products. The aim of this review is to document landscape diversity and ecosystem resilience as a tool for natural resources management. The species from one ecosystem's functional group may temporarily support a functional group in another ecosystem, significant variety can help to maintain ecological stability. Hence, building on these insights, diversity at landscape level is paramount to promoting resilient livelihoods as a means of improving the health and functioning of socio-ecological systems, as well as a mechanism for achieving food security. The study concludes that there should be involving many actors in a landscape management aspect to stimulate knowledge exchange and training.
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    Globalization and Its Implications on the Growth of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Western Uganda: A Case of Selected Districts in Western Uganda
    (International Journal of Research in Management, Economics and Commerce., 2019) Eton, Marus; Ayiga, Natal; Constant, Okello Obura; Fabian, Mwosi; Gilbert, Uwonda
    Globalization, characterized by greater economic, political and cultural integration and dependence, has been widely discussed and practiced in the last two decades. The study sought to investigate the implications of globalization on the growth of SMEs in western Uganda, Particularly how globalization affected the productivity and innovation of SMEs in western Uganda. The researcher adopted a cross sectional study design. The Data was collected by the use of structured and closed ended questionnaire. The findings revealed that businesses dealing in imported commodities are fast-growing and register tangible growth results compared to those dealing in locally manufactured commodities. Imported commodities seem not to suit the interests of most Ugandans, perhaps because some are not durable. The study further established that government finds it very difficult to control all the commodities that enter the Ugandan market. The study therefore recommends that Uganda Revenue Authority, under its Anti-Smuggling Unit, should ensure vigilance at border points to reduce the inflow of unauthorized commodities which flood Ugandan market. The Ministry of Trade, Commerce and Industry should step out to protect local firms against competition from foreign producers, particularly those dealing in similar products. Government should lower interest rates through her fiscal and monetary policies to allow SMEs access credit at affordable rates. There is also need to examine the extent to which Uganda’s membership to the East African Community boosts growth of SMEs since all the member countries have almost similar competitive economic advantages. Keywords: Globalization, growth, SMEs, Western Uganda
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    Impacts of Climate Change on the Plant Water Interactions
    (Journal of Resources Development and Management, 2023-02-23) Turyasingura, Benson; Ayiga, Natal
    Climate change has an impact on ecosystem structure and function globally by altering the relationships between plants and soil organisms. Despite the fact that water is the most plentiful molecule on Earth's surface, water scarcity is the element that most severely limits global terrestrial plant production. Little is known about the climatic factors that drive phenological responses to climate change, and less attention has been paid to the fact that phenology is also responsive to other climatic. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of climate change on plant water interactions. This study was guided by the specific objectives, which included examining the relationship between climate change and plant function; finding out the impacts of climate change on plant water interactions; and assessing how plants handle water scarcity. It was found that there was a linkage between climate change and plant function. The evaporation of water molecules from the outer surfaces of the mesophyll cells initiates the upward transpiration pull in the leaves, and respiring starches and sugars are created during photosynthetic processes using sunlight energy. Climate change enhanced the most enormous movement of species that has occurred without direct human intervention. It was also found that precipitation was a key driver of phenological changes in desert ecosystems. It was also found that drought was one of the most significant biotic challenges faced by plants, with considerable genetic variation in water deficit responses. There is a need for research on climate change to ease biodiversity conservation.
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    Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Environmental Management and Poverty Reduction in Western Uganda
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2019) Eton, Marus; Ayiga, Natal; Moses, Agaba; Fabian, Mwosi; Benard, Patrick Ogwel
    The study aimed at assessing the role of SMEs and environment management in poverty reduction in Western Uganda. The study a descriptive and correlation study design. The data was collected by use of structured and closed ended questionnaires. The findings revealed a strong association between (SMES and environmental management) and poverty reduction (r =.644; sig. <.05). The study found out that SMEs lack access to innovative technologies, which are essential in buttressing SME roles in poverty reduction. The study revealed that very little financial resources are directly channeled to SMEs amidst ever increasing interest rates on loans. Government policies on SMEs are deficient in terms of technical, technological, financial, and managerial and infrastructures needed for effective contribution to economic growth and poverty reduction. The study further suggest that SMEs can resolve problems of poverty and unemployment if they can access cheap capital. The study therefore recommends that government should prioritize SME sector in budgets to enhance its contribution to economic growth and poverty reduction.
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    The Experiences and Challenges of Doctoral Education in Public Universities Compared.
    (Kabale University, 2023) Ocan, Johnson; Eton, Marus; Akena, Francis Adyanga; Ayiga, Natal
    Purpose: This article’s purpose is to explore the challenges and experiences PhD students in selected Ugandan state universities endure during their studies. Research methodology: The approach of the research focused on three public universities thus; Kabale University, Makerere University, and Gulu University. To explore these challenges, we undertook an extensive literature review of the external supervisors and evaluations of PhD students who attempted to submit their final dissertations. Results: The main findings of the results indicate that due to institutional, individual, and supervisory inefficiency, many students who enroll in their PhD programs at these universities are unable to graduate within the given timeframe. Limitations: The limitations of the study conclude that the problems addressed in this research and the suggestions presented provide the basis for improving university training programs and facilitating students, timely completion of the PhD program. Contribution: In terms of contribution, this research will improve scholarly writing and publication abilities, in addition to increasing the identity of doctoral education in Uganda. Evidently, there is no substantial work exploring the difficulties and challenges faced by PhD students in Uganda. Novelty: it is crucial to remember that when pursuing their PhDs, scholars are not just learning about the research topic, but are also developing fundamental skills in critical thinking, to construct their own knowledge within their own indigenous context, it is essential that they acquire the capacity to assess assertions, and evaluate arguments in a critical manner.
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    Wetland Conservation and Management Practices in Rubanda District, South-Western Uganda
    (East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources, 2022-07-17) Turyasingura, Benson; Saturday, Alex PhD; Hirwa, Hubert; Mohammed, Fatima Sule; Ruhiiga, Tabukeli Musigi; Ayiga, Natal
    Worldwide, wetlands cover about 9% of the land surface and are recognized as bio networks that offer living prospects when managed properly. Despite the present resource management regime, many wetlands in Uganda are being degraded due to mining, construction, agricultural and industrial activity, and little attention has been paid to the effectiveness of wetland conservation. The goal of this research was to evaluate Nyamuriro wetland conservation and management practices in Muko Sub-County, Rubanda District, in south-western Uganda. The study was guided by specific objectives, which included investigating the management approaches used in Nyamuriro wetland conservation, identifying the management challenges preventing Nyamuriro wetland conservation, and evaluating sustainable solutions to the challenges preventing Nyamuriro wetland conservation. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design that included qualitative and quantitative data gathering and analysis techniques. A total of 109 people participated in the study using simple random and purposive sampling approaches. In this study, data was collected using questionnaires, key informant interviews, and observational approaches. Most respondents strongly agree that wetland restoration is the best management approach for Nyamuriro wetland conservation (Mean = 4.87, SD = 0.547). Corruption was the most significant hindrance to the conservation of Nyamuriro wetland among the management problems (Mean = 3.41, SD = 0.467). Overall, the data showed that there was a significant positive association between conservation management techniques but not between viable Nyamuriro wetland conservation measures. The study recommended that strict laws and procedures should be put in place to ease restrictions on wetland conservation.